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Anthro Reading Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Social groups who fall outside of “mainstream” society are called | Countercultural groups |
| _____________ is a population living outside of their origin land. | Diaspora |
| According to Fish in “Mixed Blood,” the American conception of race | is based on the racial identity of one’s parents. |
| According to Fish in “Mixed Blood,” the striking contrast between the very tall Masai and the stature of the very short Pygmies, both of Africa, is representative of ... | human biological variety or variation |
| In “Mixed Blood,” Fish argues that human biological races do not exist because | people from anywhere on the planet can mate with others from anywhere else and produce fertile offspring. |
| According to Fish in “Mixed Blood,” his daughter can change her race by flying from New York to Brazil. She can do this because | Brazilians have a different set of racial categories than do North Americans. |
| Race is | a cultural construct |
| According to Abu-Lughod “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?”, once U.S. forces drove the Taliban out of Afghanistan most Pashtun Afghan women… | often continued to wear the burqa in public. |
| After reading "Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?" which is NOT true about veiling/covering (the burqa)? | There is only one form of covering, It was invented by the Taliban, There is only one form of covering, Women have no choice who they unveil/uncover to |
| In "Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?" forms of veiling or covering, such as teh burqa indicate | A good, moral, family-oriented woman |
| After reading "Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving?" which is NOT true about the hijab? | It is a full body covering |
| In terms of traditional political organization, pastoralism is most associated with | A tribe or chiefdom |
| Which of the following statements about religion in a state society is true? | They function to maintain socioeconomic stratification. |
| According to Sutherland in “The Case of an American Gypsy,” a young Gypsy man was indicted by the government for | using a relative’s Social Security number. |
| In regards to justice systems, ___________________ focus on group harmony and _________________ have specialization of roles for social control. | Small-scale societies, Large-scale societies |
| The four types of political systems are | band, tribe, chiefdom, state |
| In “The Case of an American Gypsy,” Sutherland notes that the lawyer defending a young Gypsy man of using a relative’s Social Security number argued in court that | the Gypsy had not intended to commit a crime when he used the number. |
| According to Sutherland in “The Case of an American Gypsy,” Gypsies treat Social Security numbers as | corporate property of their kin group, the vitsa. |
| The case of the Gypsy defendant described by Sutherland in “The Case of an American Gypsy” represents a good illustration of what happens when | a normal practice for one group is a crime for another. |
| According to Weatherford (The Founding Indian Fathers), the only sign that Indians had something to do with the founding of the U.S. government is the statue of an Indian woman that rests on top of the Capitol dome. | False |
| According to Weatherford (from "The Founding Indian Fathers"), Benjamin Franklin and several other influential colonists were intimately aware of Indian political structures and processes. | True |
| Weatherford (The Founding Indian Fathers) notes that an Iroquois named Canassatego, speaking at an Indian-British assembly in Pennsylvania in 1744, complained that it would be easier for the Indians to deal with colonists if the latter would form a union | True |
| According to Weatherford (The Founding Indian Fathers), proceedings of the League of the Iroquois differed from those found in the U.S. Congress in that Indians did not allow members of the League to caucus | False |
| According to Harris (Life without Chiefs), the hierarchy and leaders with authority arise in human society as a result of culture, especially economic factors and group size, not biological inheritance. | True |
| In his article entitled "Life without Chiefs," Harris argues that ___________appear in conjunction with ______________ exchange | Big Men, Recipriocal |
| According to Harris (Life without Chiefs), the movement toward greater social stratification in human societies was inspired by the | Production of extra (beyond the immediate needs of people) food |
| According to Harris (Life without Chiefs), hunter/gatherers lack leaders with formal authority because | Small populations and there is sharing of resources equally among village |
| What type of language systems or characteristics do non-humans use? | Call System |
| The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis argues that grammatical categories and the lexicons of different languages ________. | Lead their speakers to think in particular ways |
| Human language is made up of _______, ________, and _______. | Syntax/grammar, sound, vocabulary |
| In her article, “Shakespeare in the Bush,” Laura Bohannan shows that | the story of Hamlet does not retain its original meaning when told to a Tiv audience. |
| In “Shakespeare in the Bush” three of the following describe ways the Tiv interpreted the story of Hamlet? Which one does not? | The Tiv approved of Hamlet’s desire to kill his father's brother. |
| In “Shakespeare in the Bush” when the Tiv informed Laura Bohannan that she must be wrong about Hamlet’s father’s ghost because the dead cannot talk, they displayed what anthropologists call | naive realism |
| In “Shakespeare in the Bush” one of the concepts that the Tiv found it necessary to reinterpret when they were told the story of Hamlet was the English category for | ghost |
| In “Conversation Style: Talking on the Job,” Tannen argues that in the workplace | men often refrain from asking for directions while women often seek to create the appearance of equality in a conversation. |
| According to Tannen in “Conversation Style: Talking on the Job,” women’s conversation often works at the appearance of equality. Men’s conversation, on the other hand, is often directed at | avoiding the one-down position by using oppositions such as banter, joking, teasing, and playful putdowns. |
| According to Tannen in “Conversation Style: Talking on the Job,” men often avoid asking directions because | asking puts them in a one-down position. |
| In “Conversation Style: Talking on the Job,” Tannen argues that one negative consequence for women who ask questions is that they seem | uninformed and less intelligent. |
| Which of the following is NOT one of the effects of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? | There is a critical relationship between making proper language connections and your success in social relationships. |
| According to Deutscher (Whorf Revisited: You Are What You Speak), what did critics find wrong with the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis? | they found substantial evidence that cultures that do not have a future/past tense in their language could without a doubt understand time |
| In Whorf Revisited: You Are What You Speak why did a dance teacher from the West have difficulty teaching a dance to a Balinese child? | Both the teacher and the child used different directional systems. While one uses an egocentric system, the other uses a geographic system. The Balinese child could not interpret the cardinal directions that the dance teacher from the West was using |
| How are beliefs expressed in religion? | Myth and Doctrine |
| The two laws of magic are ____________ and ____________. | Law of similarity, law of contagion |
| Which of the following functions to reduce differences in wealth between members of a society and tend to be directed at socially marginal individuals? | Witchcraft accusations |
| Which term refers to the manipulation of the supernatural to accomplish specific goals? | Magic |
| Magic, according to Malinowski (Baseball Magic), occurs in response to | anxiety |
| According to Gmelch in “Baseball Magic,” baseball players can least control | pitching and hitting |
| According to Skinner, as noted by Gmelch in “Baseball Magic,” magic once established requires to be maintained. | sporadic rewards |
| During one season when Gmelch was playing baseball, he refrained from eating pancakes. This is an example of what anthropologists call | a taboo |
| Gmelch notes in “Baseball Magic” that fetishes are often associated with baseball magic. These are | lucky charms |
| Why are forensic scientists and forensic anthropologists interested in Santeria and Palo Mayombe? | Human and non-human remains are sometimes used in rituals or hold religious significance and when they are found they are brought to the medical examiner’s office |
| After reading "Brujeria: Manifestations of Palo Mayombe in South Florid" which is NOT a feature that distinguishes Palo Mayombe from Santeria? | None, they are all features of Palo Mayombe |
| American professional football and competitive mixed martial arts might be considered by some anthropologists to be examples of _________. | Blood sport |
| The anthropology of tourism has focused mainly on ________. | The impact of Western tourism on indigenous peoples. |
| After the British introduction of cricket to Trobriand Islands, local changes to the game involved | Abandoning the white clothing of the British game. |
| According to Guneratne and Bjork in “Village Walks,” the Tharu village of Pipariya is located adjacent to | the Chitwan national forest. |
| In “Village Walks,” Guneratne and Bjork note that tour companies have characterized the Tharu as | primitive forest aboriginals. |
| In “Village Walks,” Guneratne and Bjork report that an angry Tharu household head once | threatened a tour guide with a stick for invading his kitchen. |
| In “Village Walks,” Tharu villagers from Pipariya referred to tourists as | guests |
| In “Village Walks,” Tharu villagers preferred tourists who | arrived in the village by themselves rather than in a tour group. |
| In “Village Walks,” Guneratne and Bjork indicate which Nepalese ethnic group(s) the tour guides are most likely to come from | Brahmin and Chhetri |
| When Arjun Guneratne returned to Pipariya in 2009 he found that | some Tharu from the village were working overseas and sending money home. |
| Clifford Geertz, in "Deep Play: Notes on the Balinese Cockfight," notes that before he and his wife went to the cockfight | they were treated as if they were "invisible" and almost completely ignored in the village. |
| According to Clifford Geertz, Balinese cockfights involve demonstrations of each of the following except? | models for the transition from girlhood to woman hood |
| When Geertz argues that cock fights are "a Balinese reading of Balinese experience, story they tell themselves about themselves," he means that | the Balinese use cockfights to define who and what they are much more like modern Americans use baseball, or football, or other sports to define who they are |
| According to Clifford Geertz in "Deep Play" | cockfighting reveals important patterns about who the Balinese are, just like baseball and other sports can reveal important things about who modern Americans are and want to be |
| According to Geertz in "Deep Play," for what purpose were the villagers staging the cockfight that the government forces raided? | they were raising money to build a new school |
| In "Deep Play" does Geertz agree with Jeremy Bentham that "deep play" in this case the cockfights, are totally irrational behaviors on the part of the Balinese? | No, Geertz does not agree with Bentham and argues that cockfights provide a social logic about status, manhood, power, and conflict resolution that helps to keep Balinese society functioning. |
| According to Clifford Geertz, "Deep Play" which of the following is true | the Balinese use cockfights to define concepts of manhood and masculinity |
| How are the Balinese "playing with fire" in their gambling on cockfights? | they live in a very stratified society in which people know their place and do not normally get out of their defined niches,except in cockfights where the rich can lose a lot of money and fall down the social ranks or the poor can win a lot and climb up t |
| Clifford Geertz used the English philosopher Jeremy Bentham's concept of deep play to explain which of the following characteristics of Balinese cockfighting? | the fact that gambling stakes are so high in many of the cockfights that, from a rational, economic perspective, it is irrational for men to engage in these activities |
| According to Clifford Geertz, in "Deep Play" the central feature is | the gambling opportunities it creates for men to compete w one another |
| Survivors of Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Sandy who were forced to leave the area in the aftermath of these storms are considered ________ by anthropologists. | Internally displaced persons |
| An example of an institutional migrant is | All of these |
| According to the “lifeboat” or “zero sum” mentality _________. | No immigrants should be allowed in because it will reduce resources available to those already in the country. |
| What theory describes the move from rural areas to urban areas? | Push-pull theory |
| What are the three categories of migration? | Internal, international and transnational |
| According to Shandy in “Nuer Refugees in America,” the UN classifies refugees as people who have | left their home country because they fear persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a social group. |
| According to Shandy in “Nuer Refugees in America,” the Nuer of South Sudan were first studied by | Sir E. E. Evans-Pritchard. |
| According to Shandy in “Nuer Refugees in America,” Nuer boys go through a painful initiation ceremony called the | gaar ceremony. |
| In “Nuer Refugees in America,” Shandy observes that the Nuer are most often first aided in their quest to be resettled in the United States by | voluntary organizations (volags). |
| In “Nuer Refugees in America,” Shandy defines transnationalism as | the cross-cutting ties that span the borders of nation-states. |
| In “Nuer Refugees in America,” Shandy notes that the U.S. immigration service has settled the Nuer in about 30 different states because | they feel refugees adapt better if they are scattered in small groups around the country. |
| According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in their article “Global Women in the New Economy,” women who migrate for work in other countries are often | better educated than most women in their home countries. |
| According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in “Global Women in the New Economy,” African women are most likely to migrate to ____________ for work as domestics and nannies. | Europe |
| Which of the following factors encourages Third World women to migrate to the First World for work, according to Ehrenreich and Hochschild’s article “Global Women in the New Economy”? | the amount of money they can make and send home |
| Which one of the following is a characteristic of Third World women who migrate for work, as reported by Ehrenreich and Hochschild in “Global Women in the New Economy”? | Many are better educated than other women from their home country. |
| In “Global Women in the New Economy,”Ehrenreich and Hochschild report that one of the greatest problems faced by women who migrate from Third World countries for work in the First World is | long separation from their children and family members. |
| According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in “Global Women in the New Economy,” a Sri Lankan woman named Josephine Perera has | worked away from her children for 10 years in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Greece. |
| The spread of cultural traits through contact with other cultures is called _________. | Diffusion |
| What are the United Nations and the World Bank examples of? | Multilateral institutions |
| What is an important aspect to consider when creating development projects? | Cultural fit |
| According to McCurdy in “Using Anthropology,” the first thing a new manager at UTC did after assuming a new position was to | ask warehouse workers, customer outlet staff, and other employees about problems and procedures |
| In “Using Anthropology,” McCurdy argues that is an important skill that people who study anthropology can take into daily life. | ethnography |
| The manager at UTC spent time learning the warehouse system as an insider views it, and discovered that inaccurate warehouse inventory numbers resulted from | pressures on employees to work fast, preventing them from accurately counting and recording what was shipped. |
| McCurdy claims in “Using Anthropology” that in many companies, newly installed managers tend to | impose a new agenda on their employees. |
| According to McCurdy in “Using Anthropology,” an anthropologist was hired to find out why customers of a utility company failed to reduce energy consumption, despite their claims that they were trying to conserve. He discovered that | fathers turned down thermostats, other family members turned them up. |
| In “Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees,” Nordstrom illustrates that the self-run, informal banking system that the women of Muleque developed was | based on stability, trust, and allegiance. |
| According to Nordstrom in “Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees,” the efforts of the amputee women to group together, form banking systems, and move from local subsistence to international profitmaking | were part of a carefully crafted plan of development. |
| According to Nordstrom in “Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees,” the United Nations worker equated __________ to the invisible center of gravity of the society. | women |
| According to Nordstrom in “Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees,” the first step in the informal economy formed by marginalized women in Muleque is | hard labor |
| According to Nordstrom in “Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees,” when a woman receives the entire banking pot in her informal banking group, she often will use the money to | invest in a small piece of farmland to grow and harvest crops to sell. |
| In “Illegal Economies and the Untold Story of Amputees,” Nordstrom observes that the earnings, networks, and contributions to development by the amputees and other women in Africa | rival the entire gross domestic products (GDPs) of the countries of this region of the world. |
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