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Chapter 11 Milady
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Scutula: | Dry, sulfur-yellow, cuplike crusts on the scalp in Tinea Favosa or Tinea Favus |
| Sebum: | A fatty or oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands that lubricates the skin |
| Trichology: | The scientific study of Hair and its diseases and care |
| Wave Pattern: | The shape of the hair strands; Described as straight, wavy, curly, or extremely curly |
| Sebaceous Glands: | The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles, Oil Glands |
| Side Bonds: | Bonds that cross-link the polypeptide chains together for the extreme strength and elasticity of human hair |
| Tinea: | Technical term for ringworm- A contagious condition caused by fungal infection and not a parasite; characterized by itching, scales, and sometimes, painful lesions |
| Terminal Hair: | Long, coarse, pigmented hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of males and females |
| Vellus: | A.K.A. Lanugo Hair: short, fine, unpigmented, and downy hair that appears on the body, |
| Tinea Favosa: | A.K.A. Tinea Favus; Fungal infection characterized by Dry, sulfur-yellow, cuplike crusts on the scalp called scutula |
| Trichoptilosis: | Technical Term for Split Ends |
| Trichorrhexis Nodusa: | Technical Term for knotted hair; it is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft |
| Salt Bond: | A weak, physical, cross-link side bond between adjacent polypeptide chains; easily broken by changes in pH |
| Ringed Hair: | Variety of canities characterized by alternating bonds of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand |
| Proteins: | Long, coiled complex polypeptides made up of amino acids |
| Polypeptide Chains: | A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds |
| Pityriasis: | Technical term for dandruff; characterized by excessive production and accumulation of skin cells |
| Telogen Phase: | A.K.A. Resting Phase: the final phase in the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed |
| Peptide Bond: | A.K.A. End Bond: chemical bond that joins amino acids to each other, end-to-end, to form a polypeptide chain |
| Pediculosis Capitis: | Infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice |
| Monilethrix: | Technical term for beaded hair |
| Melanin: | The tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to their hair |
| Medulla: | Innermost layer of the hair that is comprised of round cells; often absent in fine and naturally blonde hair |
| Malassezia: | Naturally occurring fungus that is present on all human skin, but is responsible for dandruff when it grows out of control |
| Lanthionine Bonds: | The bonds created when disulfide bonds are broken by hydroxide chemical hair relaxers after the relaxer is rinsed from the hair |
| Keritinization: | Process by which newly formed cells in the hair bulb mature, fill with keratin, move upward, lose their nucleus, and die |
| Keratin: | A fibrous protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle |
| Hypertrichosis: | A.K.A. hirsuties; a condition of abnormal growth of hair, characterized by the growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only vellus hair |
| Hydrophilic: | Easily absorbs moisture; in chemistry terms, being capable of combining with or attracting water (water-loving) |
| Hydrophobic: | Naturally resistant to being penetrated by water or moisture |
| Hydrogen Bond: | A weak, physical, cross-link side bond that is easily broken by water or heat |
| Hair Texture: | The thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand |
| Hair Shaft: | The portion of the hair that projects above the epidermis |
| Hair Root: | The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis |
| Hair Porosity: | The ability of the hair to absorb moisture |
| Hair Follicle: | The tube-like depression or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root |
| Hair Elasticity: | The ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking |
| Hair Density: | The number of individual hair strands on 1 square inch of scalp |
| Hair Cuticle: | Outermost layer of hair; consisting of a single overlapping layer if transparent, scale-like cells that look like shingles on a roof |
| Hair Bulb: | Lowest part of the hair strand; the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root |
| Furuncle: | Boil: acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain |
| Fragilitas Crinium: | The technical term for brittle hair |
| Eumelanin: | Provides natural dark brown to black color |
| Whorl: | Hair that forms in a circular pattern on the crown of the head |
| Disulfide Bond: | A strong chemical side bond that joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring cysteine amino acids to create one cystine, which joins together two polypeptide strands like rungs on a ladder |
| Cortex: | Middle layer of the hair; a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment |
| Cowlick: | Tuft of hair that stands straight up |
| The three layers of the hair: | 1. Cuticle: exterior 2. Cortex: Middle layer 3. Medulla: Innermost Layer |
| COHNS Elements: | Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur; The five elements that make up human skin, tissue, and nails |
| Catagen Phase: | The brief transition period between the growth and resting phases of a hair follicle; It signals the end of the growth phase |
| Carbuncle: | Inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphlycocci; similar to a furuncle but larger |
| Canities: | Technical term for gray hair; results from the loss of the hair's natural melanin pigment |
| Alopecia: | Abnormal Hair loss |
| Androgenic Alopecia: | A.K.A. Androgenetic alopecia, hair loss that is characterized by miniaturization of terminal hair that is converted to vellus hair; in men, it is known as male pattern baldness |
| Anagen Phase: | A.K.A. Growth phase; the phase during which new hair is produced; First phase of hair growth |
| The three phases of hair growth: | 1. Anagen 2. Catagen 3. Telogen |
| Amino Acids: | Units that are joined together end-to-end like pop beads by strong, chemical peptide bonds to form the polypeptide chains that comprise of proteins |
| Alopecia Areata: | An autoimmune disorder that causes the affected hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by a person's own immune system; Usually begins with one or more small, round, smooth bald patched on the scalp |
| Alopecia Uneversalis: | Complete Loss of Body hair |
| Alopecia Totalis: | Total loss of scalp hair |
Created by:
MadisonW_2003