Portuguese ship from the 15th century. Designed to use lateen sails, and to be the fastest ship meant for exploration during the European age of exploration.

Spanish ship from the 16th to 18th centuries. was a large multi-decked ship. heavily armed, and could carry more goods than other ships. Primary ship involved in the trans-Atlantic slave trade

Portuguese ship that was made to be sturdier and larger than the Caravel. Allowed longer distance trade, larger storage capacity, and was used to conquer the Americas.

Dutch ship meant for trade. Built in 1595, and was the twice the size of other ships. Required a small crew with a large space for cargo, along with using a flat bottom to maximize stability, allowed the Dutch to dominate trade.

Causes of the Renaissance

Crusades, Collapse of the Byzantine Empire, spread of the plague, Interactions with the Islamic world, and New technologies.

Effects of the Renaissance

Europe became less religious, Monarchs' power increased, Growth of nationalism, European governments grew larger, growth in literature, Artistic advancement, Technological advancement, European scientific revolution, European enlightenment.

European Scientific Revolution

Increased focus on knowledge and learning resulted in the first Scientific Revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries. Resulted in the start of the Industrial Revolution. New mathematics models led to new financial instruments and trading systems.

Originally functioned as clocks and calendars. Invented by the Greeks and improved by the Muslims. The Portuguese created the mariner’s astrolabe so that mariners could use it to identify a ship’s latitude.

Came from Arab merchants. The sails are triangular, which allows either side to face the wind. Allowed boats to sail against the wind.

Created by Islamic scholars, Europeans created modern star maps. Maritime navigators used these astronomic maps to help them navigate upon unknown waters on long trans-oceanic voyages

The making of maps. As European Cartography became more sophisticated sailors had better information to use. Europeans started to gain an accurate geographical view of the world.

Reasons for European monarchs supporting exploration

Competition, Foreign trade monopolies, resources and raw materials, Tax revenue

Support for Expansion and maritime exploration

Direct financial support, supported pro-commerce laws, supported mercantilist policies, granted monopolies to trade companies, Granted legal control over foreign land, Justified expansion and conquest with religion.

State philosophy where the state will achieve wealth through maximizing exports and minimizing imports

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AP World History

Term	Definition
Caravel	Portuguese ship from the 15th century. Designed to use lateen sails, and to be the fastest ship meant for exploration during the European age of exploration.
Galleon	Spanish ship from the 16th to 18th centuries. was a large multi-decked ship. heavily armed, and could carry more goods than other ships. Primary ship involved in the trans-Atlantic slave trade
Carrack	Portuguese ship that was made to be sturdier and larger than the Caravel. Allowed longer distance trade, larger storage capacity, and was used to conquer the Americas.
Fluyt	Dutch ship meant for trade. Built in 1595, and was the twice the size of other ships. Required a small crew with a large space for cargo, along with using a flat bottom to maximize stability, allowed the Dutch to dominate trade.
Causes of the Renaissance	Crusades, Collapse of the Byzantine Empire, spread of the plague, Interactions with the Islamic world, and New technologies.
Effects of the Renaissance	Europe became less religious, Monarchs' power increased, Growth of nationalism, European governments grew larger, growth in literature, Artistic advancement, Technological advancement, European scientific revolution, European enlightenment.
European Scientific Revolution	Increased focus on knowledge and learning resulted in the first Scientific Revolution in the 16th and 17th centuries. Resulted in the start of the Industrial Revolution. New mathematics models led to new financial instruments and trading systems.
Astrolabe	Originally functioned as clocks and calendars. Invented by the Greeks and improved by the Muslims. The Portuguese created the mariner’s astrolabe so that mariners could use it to identify a ship’s latitude.
Lateen Sails	Came from Arab merchants. The sails are triangular, which allows either side to face the wind. Allowed boats to sail against the wind.
Astronomical charts	Created by Islamic scholars, Europeans created modern star maps. Maritime navigators used these astronomic maps to help them navigate upon unknown waters on long trans-oceanic voyages
Cartography	The making of maps. As European Cartography became more sophisticated sailors had better information to use. Europeans started to gain an accurate geographical view of the world.
Reasons for European monarchs supporting exploration	Competition, Foreign trade monopolies, resources and raw materials, Tax revenue
Support for Expansion and maritime exploration	Direct financial support, supported pro-commerce laws, supported mercantilist policies, granted monopolies to trade companies, Granted legal control over foreign land, Justified expansion and conquest with religion.
Mercantilism	State philosophy where the state will achieve wealth through maximizing exports and minimizing imports

Created by: apjh2

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