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SQA higher biology

Unit 2

QuestionAnswer
Metabolic pathway Intergrated and controlled pathways of enzyme catalysd reactions within a cell.
Features of metabolic pathways Can have reversible steps, irreversible steps and aLternative routes.
What is the first stage of respiration and where does it occur Glycolysis and occurs in the cytoplasm
Why is ATP required For phosphorylation
When oxygen is present what does pyrovate break down into Acetyl group which then combines with Co- Enzyme A to form Acetyl Co-Enzyme A.
Where does Citric acid takes place The matrix of the mitochondria
If oxygen is present in the citric acid cycle what happens Acetyl group from acetyl Co-enzyme A combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate acid
What happens when citrate is gradually converted back to oxaloacetate This results in the generation of ATP and the Gas carbon dioxide
What is dehydrogenase An enzyme
What is NAD CO-enzyme
What does the co-enzyme Nad do Delivers Electrons and hydrogen ions to the inner membrane of the mitochondria
What is embedded in the inner mitochondria membrane Carrier proteins
When electrons pass through carrier proteins what is released Energy ( ATP)
What Ion is pumped across the membrane Hydrogen ions
What enzyme does hydrogen ions flow back through ATP synthase which results in the formation of ATP
What is the final product of aerobic respiration Oxygen and water
How is water and oxygen Hydrogen ions and electrons bind to make water and oxygen
What is a waste product of aerobic respiration Water
How is NADH formed Dehydrogenase enzymes remove H+ ions and electrons, and passes them to the co-enzyme Nad to form NADH
What occurs when oxygen is absent Fermentation
Where does fermentation occur Cytoplasm
What is the product of fermentation In animal cells Lactate
What is the product of fermentation In Plant cells Carbon dioxide and ethanol
Created by: Nathan.nwa
 

 



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