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Review Sheet 13
Introduction to Psychology. (Freud, Maslow, Jung)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Freud's theory is called psychodynamic theory because it deals with the dynamic struggle that takes place between: | the unconscious forces within the mind |
| You meet a psychologist who explains behavior in terms of ego, defense mechanisms, and psychosexual stages. This psychologist represents which view of personality? | Psychoanalytic |
| According to Freudian theory, when you are asked to recall your phone number, you access your: | preconscious |
| Frank says, “My conscience is bothering me.” Using Freud’s terminology, Frank is referring to his: | superego |
| Freud’s psychoanalytic theory posits that the superego consists of: | the internalized moral teachings of parents or other significant others that may be partially conscious and partially unconscious. |
| According to Freud, the purpose of defense mechanisms are to: | prevent the anxiety that would result if threatening thoughts are brought into awareness. |
| Regression is: | the return of behavior that is typical of earlier stages of development. |
| It is often said of substance abusers that the first step in recovery is admitting they have a problem. In Freudian terms, we might say they need to overcome: | denial |
| Angela unconsciously despises old people. Yet, she volunteers two days each week at a retirement home. This is a classic case of: | reaction formation |
| Imposing one’s own impulses or wishes onto another is called: | projection |
| Rodina has suffered from substance abuse for many years. She stopped using and now competes in extreme sports. She may be demonstrating: | sublimation |
| A major contribution of Jung to the psychodynamic approach was his belief in: | a collective unconscious. |
| Which of the following is the best definition of archetype? | A primitive image that reflects ancestral or universal human experiences |
| Carl Jung’s analytical psychology emphasized the importance of the collective unconscious, which is: | a repository of accumulated ideas and images that is shared among all humans. |
| According to Adler, because of their small size and limited abilities, all children harbor feelings of: | inferiority |
| In Karen Horney’s theory of personality development, children may develop a deep form of resentment toward their parents. Horney labeled this: | basic hostility |
| Karen Horney’s feminine psychology emphasized the importance of our basic anxiety, which is: | our feelings of “being isolated and helpless in a potentially hostile world.” |
| Stable and enduring personal characteristics are called: | traits |
| The most widely adopted trait model of personality today is the: | five-factor model |
| In their freshman year of college, Kym and Joey take a test of the “Big Five” in their psychology course. Fifteen years later, their scores on which factor(s) is (are) MOST likely to change? | Conscientiousness and agreeableness |
| In the humanistic perspective, realization of one’s own potential is known as: | self-actualization |
| Rogers used the term __________ to describe acceptance of a person’s basic worth under any circumstance. | unconditional positive regard |
| According to Rogers, Emma’s sense of who or what she should be is her: | self-ideal |
| Abraham Maslow emphasized the importance of self-actualization, by which he meant that: | our innate drive to become all that we are capable of being |
| When taken to extremes, collectivistic values might lead to undesirable consequences, such as: | needlessly limiting creativity, innovation, and personal initiative |
| When taken to extremes, individualistic values might lead to undesirable consequences, such as: | needlessly encouraging unrestrained greed and the exploitation of others. |
| The use of projective tests in measuring personality is most consistent with which perspective on personality? | Psychodynamic |
| Rorschach developed a famous personality test that uses __________ as stimuli. | inkblots |
| In __________, people are presented with a set of ambiguous stimuli that produce responses that must be interpreted by the examiner. | projective personality measures |
| Wanda takes a personality test in which she is required to tell stories in response to a series of ambiguous pictures. Which test is Wanda taking? | Thematic Apperception Test |
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