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H Chemistry Module 6

Module 6 - Ionic Compounds and Metals

QuestionAnswer
What is a chemical bond? A chemical bond is a force that holds two atoms together. Cation (positive ion) and Anion (negative ion)
Why is a cation positively charged? A cation is positively charged because it gives away electron/s. Keep in mind that the number of protons stays the same!
Why is an anion negatively charged? An anion is negatively charged because it receives electron/s. Keep in mind that the number of protons stays the same!
Removal of an electron from a neutral atom will need energy. How much? 498 kj/mol is needed.
What groups of metals are the most reactive? Group 1 and 2 metals are the most reactive because they have 1 or 2 valence electrons respectively, but some metals from group 13 also form cations.
For transition metals, it's hard to predict the number of electrons lost. What is the typical charge? They typically have a 2+ or 3+ charge.
For transition metals, what is the outer energy level? It is ns^2 with the n=period #
What is an ionic bond? An ionic bond is the electrostatic force that holds oppositely charged particles together.
What are ionic compounds? Ionic compounds are compounds that contain ionic bonds.
If ionic bonds occur between metals and the nonmetal oxygen, what forms? Oxides form.
What are most other ionic compounds called? They are called salts.
What is a binary ionic compound? A binary ionic compound is a compound that contains two different elements: metallic cation and nonmetallic anion.
The strong attraction with cations and anions in an ionic compound result in the formation of what? This results in the formation of a crystal lattice, which is a 3D geometric arrangement of particles.
The ions that form minerals are bonded together in what? They are bonded together in a crystal lattice.
How much of all minerals are silicates? 1/3 of all minerals are silicates.
What is a physical property of transition metals? Transition metals have bright colors.
What are three physical properties of ionic crystals? (CoHMB) C - ionic solids do not Conduct electricity. H - Hard to break M - high Melting point B - high Boiling point
What happens when ionic compounds are melted or dissolved in liquid? They produce electric currents, thus they are great conductors of electricity.
What are electrolytes? Electrolytes are ionic compounds whose aqueous solution produces an electric current.
During every chemical reaction, energy is either absorbed or released. What is an endothermic chemical reaction? This is a chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed.
What is an exothermic chemical reaction? This is a chemical reaction in which energy is released. Ex. ionic compounds
Ionic compounds are made of ions arranged in what pattern? Repeating pattern
What is a monatomic ion? A monatomic ion is a one atom ion.
What is a polyatomic ion? A polyatomic ion is an ion made up of more than one atom.
What elements have more than one possible charge? Elements in groups 13 and 14 and most transition metals have more than one possible charge.
What is an oxyanion? An oxyanion is a polyatomic ion made of an element, usually a nonmetal, bonded to one or more oxygen atoms.
What charge must a formula have? 0/neutral
In a formula, what comes first? Metal cation followed by nonmetal anion
For monatomic cations, how do you name them? Use the element name.
For monatomic anions, how do you name them? Use the root of the element name + suffix -ide
For elements w/ more than one possible charge, how do you name them? Use the Roman numeral in parenthesis after the name of the cation.
When a compound contains a polyatomic ion, what should you write? You should use the name of the polyatomic ion in place of the anion or cation.
Created by: lilreyrey
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