Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
India Chapter 3
Ancient India
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jati social system | Also known as the caste system of ancient India. People’s jati determined the jobs and marriages they could make. Each jati group had its own rules. |
| Jainism | a religion of ancient India that does not believe in a supreme being. It emphasizes nonviolence and respect for all living things |
| Four Noble Truths | Life is full of suffering. People suffer because they desire worldly things and want to satisfy themselves. The way to end suffering is to stop desiring things. The only way to stop desiring things is to follow the Eightfold Path. |
| Buddhism | a religion founded in ancient India by the religious teacher Buddha |
| Hinduism | a major religion that developed in ancient India; one of the world’s oldest religions and third largest religion after Christianity and Islam.Hinduism has no one founder and no one holy book. Hindus pay respects to the Vedas. |
| Reincarnation | A Hindu belief in the rebirth of the soul. |
| Mahayana Buddhism | teaches that the Buddha is a god. Followers of Mahayana Buddhism believe that the Eightfold Path is too difficult for most people. By worshiping the Buddha, people will go to heaven after they die. There, they can follow the Eightfold Path and reach nirva |
| Three major Hindu gods | Brahmin one universal spirit, the Creator Vishnu the Preserver Shiva the Destroyer |
| Theravada Buddhism | Theravada means "teachings of the elders." Followers of Theravada view the Buddha as a great teacher, but not a god. Theravada Buddhism is the major religion of the modern |
| Vedas | ancient sacred writings of India |
| karma | a force that decides the form that people will be reborn into in their next lives |
| dharma | a person’s personal duty, based on the individual’s place in society |
| The Eightfold Path | Know and understand the Four Noble Truths. Give up worldly things and do not harm others.Tell the truth, do not gossip, and do not speak badly of others. Do not commit evil acts, such as killing, stealing, or living an unclean life. |
| Do rewarding work. Work for good and oppose evil. Make sure your mind keeps your senses under control. Practice meditation to see the world in a new way. | Eightfold Path |
| Nirvana | a state of perfect happiness and peace |
| ahimsa | practicing nonviolence toward all living things |
| Aryans | Migrated from central Asia and settled in India. They were speakers of Indo |
| Chandra Gupta Maurya | First ruler of the Mauryan Empire. He was a strong military leader who united the people of northern and central India. |
| Siddhartha Gautama | Founded Buddhism and became known as the Buddha. |
| Ashoka | Ashoka was the unofficial king of northern and central India during the Mauryan Empire. His grandfather Chandra Gupta was the first ruler of the Mauryan Empire. Ashoka was the first ruler to promote Buddhism and worked to improve the lives of the people o |
| Brahmins | The most powerful varna class. They were priests. |
| Kshatriyas | The second varna class. They were warriors who ran the government and army. |
| Vaisyas | The third varna class. Known as commoners; were usually farmers, craftspeople, and merchants. |
| Sudras | The fourth varna class. They were manual workers and servants who had few rights. |
| Untouchables | In the jati system they did the jobs other castes would not take |
| Gupta Empire | Trade helped the Gupta Empire thrive. Salt, cloth, and iron were common goods traded in India. Indian merchants also traded with China and with lands in Southeast Asia and the Mediterranean area. The Gupta rulers benefited from their control of much of th |
| Mauryan government | Chandra Gupta Maurya built a strong army and took over Northern India. He set up a well run government. One of the major achievements was creating an efficient postal service. The army crushed any resistance to his rule and spies were used to report dislo |
| Mohenjo Daro and Harappa | Indus Valley Cities |
| raja | an Indian prince |
| varnas | The four social classes of ancient India. People were born into their class. |
| guru | a teacher |
| Deccan Plateau | Located between the Eastern and Western Ghats in central India. |
| Ganges River | Flows through northeastern India and Bangladesh. This river is important for farming and holds religious significance in Hinduism |
| Indus River | Flows through northern India and Pakistan |
| Monsoons | seasonal wind, especially in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia |
| Subcontinent | a large landmass that is smaller than a continent |
| Indus Valley | India’s first civilization began here. The cities of Mohenjo |
| Himalaya Mountain Range | Tallest mountains in the world; located between India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. |
| Bhagavad Gita | Epic poem |
| Sanskrit | the first written language of India |
| Arts | important musical instruments. The ancient Hindus believed that music was a gift from the gods. Many sacred texts, such as the Bhagavad Gita, were probably sung. At yearly festivals, people danced, sang, and played music. Musical instruments included tamb |
| Mathematics | achievements. Invented the symbol “0” and the symbols for 1 |
| Advances in Science | Strong in astronomy; mapped the movement of planets and stars |
| Advances in medicine | Indian doctors treated dental problems using tools such as the bow drill. The doctors used this tool, which was usually used to make fire, to drill teeth. Doctors during the Gupta era were advanced for their time. They could set broken bones, sew wounds, |
| Upanishads | Ancient texts that say every living thing has a soul that is part of Brahmin. The body is part of life on earth at death the soul leaves the body and joins with Brahmin. |
Created by:
acorriveau