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Final exam
chapter 1-4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ian is a college student who intends to become a scientist. In order for his work to be considered science, he must _____ | correctly employ the scientific method when acquiring knowledge. |
| Dr. Hancox wants to share her research and wants others to know it was methodologically sound. Therefore, she should _____ | submit her work to a journal for peer-review. |
| The goals of psychology are to _____ | describe, explain, predict, and influence behavior. |
| Which of the following early schools of thought studied the basic elements of conscious mental experience? | Structuralism |
| Feelings of depression have convinced Sparrow to seek out a therapist. Questions: Has your sleeping changed? Her therapist only seemed interested in her behaviors Most likely, Sparrow’s therapist is from which school of thought? | Behaviorist |
| Heather decides to seek out a therapist to help her work through feelings of anxiety. Her therapist, who views Heather as an innately good person, also suggests she attend group therapy to learn how to make better choices for herself. | Humanistic |
| Andrew works at a clinic where he sees individuals with schizophrenia and other psychiatric illnesses. His job is to find the appropriate diagnosis and treatment for these individuals. Andrew is likely a(n) _____ | clinical psychologist. |
| A school psychologist would be most likely to _____ | counsel a disruptive student. |
| We still teach about structuralists and functionalists and rate Freud’s theory as important because of their _____ | heuristic value |
| Theo heard about a study in the Journal of the AMA stated working night shifts cause heart attacks. When he read he found that the researchers had compared the rates of heart attacks day and night shift workers. not experimental or randomly deisgned | this study shows a correlation, proving causality, between night shifts and heart attacks. |
| To understand the criminal mind, you might study one criminal, like the “Unabomber,” in great detail. Extensive interviews, questionnaires, and psychological tests .... | case study |
| Dr. Gregory is conducting research in Kenya into the ways that mothers and their toddlers interact throughout the day. Given the purpose of her study, most likely engage | naturalistic observation. |
| entire group of interest to researchers and the group to which they want to generalize their findings is called the ____ | population |
| The word correlation can be used as a synonym for _____ | relationship |
| Which of the following represents the strongest correlation? | –0.28 |
| The third variable problem occurs when one variable, for example your independent variable, is actually linked to another variable, not manip example what might the third variable be? (Example: The larger a child’s shoe size, the more vocabulary she has.) | her age |
| Which of the following would be true if the number of hours students spend watching T.V. is negatively correlated with their grades in school? | Students who watch less TV would have the higher grades. |
| The ONLY research method that can identify cause-and-effect relationships between variables is _____ | the experimental method |
| Matt’s experiment was designed to find out if reading an entire chapter at once led to better test grades than reading a section at a time over several days. The dependent variable in his experimental research wa | the test grade |
| In the experimental method, the _____ is sometimes referred to as the treatment. | independent variable |
| In order to help separate the effects of your independent variable from the effects of chance or other random variables, you need to have _____ | control group |
| Annaliese is trying to define anxiety in a way that can be measured. She is attempting to find an appropriate _____ | operation definition |
| Factors that are unequal across groups and can prevent a researcher from concluding that it was the independent variable that caused a change in the dependent variable are called _____ variables | confounding |
| When a subject’s response to a treatment is due to their expectations rather than the actual treatment, they are showing the _____ effect. | placebo |
| A majority of human psychological research has been done with college student participants. This leads to results that ____ | are biased because college students are not representative of the general population. |
| Experimenters can justify the use of deception because | it may be necessary for the experiment to work. |
| Which of the following uses X-rays to detect various abnormalities of the brain including injury sites, tumors, and evidence of recent strokes? | computerized axial tomography |
| The _____ maps patterns of blood flow, oxygen use, and glucose consumption in the brain. | PET scan, positron-emission tomography |
| Dr. Richardson needs to find the location of her patient’s tumor, but she does not want to expose the patient to X-rays. Which of the following imaging technologies would be best suited for this task? | a MRI |
| _____ receive messages from other neurons and _____ send messages to other neurons. | Dendrites; axons |
| Tony suffers from a disease in which myelin is progressively lost. Tony’s axons will increasingly lack _____ | insulation. |
| The sudden reversal of a neuron’s resting potential is called a(n) _____ potential and initiates the _____ of a neuron. | firing, action |
| A chemical found in the sacs within an axon terminal which, when released, has an effect on a nearby neuron is called a _____ | neurotransmitter. |
| You just accomplished a goal and rewarded yourself with a delicious treat. The pleasant feelings that result from these behaviors are made possible by the release of _____ | dopamine. |
| You just took a tumble and your arm really hurts. You are wishing your brain would release a lot of _____ to help relieve the pain | endorphins |
| All of the nerves outside your spinal cord and brain make up the ____ | peripheral nervous system |
| The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the _____ and the _____ | sympathetic; parasympathetic. |
| Why do many reflexes, such as pulling your hand away from a hot iron, happen so quickly? | The message involved does not have to go all the way to the brain. |
| Hunter was in a car accident and sustained damage to his cerebellum from a whiplash injury. Which problem would he be most likely to experience after the accident? | problems coordinating his movements |
| Which of the following brain structures is involved in regulating hunger, thirst, temperature, and sexual behavior? | hypothalamus |
| The right and left halves of Xavier’s cerebrum can no longer communicate with each other because his _____ was destroyed | corpus callosum |
| Gray matter gets its color from _____ whereas white matter gets its color from _____ | cell bodies; myelinated axons. |
| Which of the following statements is true regarding right and left hemisphere functioning? | Each hemisphere does have some specialized functions but they work together. |
| Known for “executive processing”, the _____ is part of the frontal lobe that coordinates many cognitive functions into a unified experience. | prefrontal cortex |
| Randi was in an automobile accident that resulted in an injury to her brain. Her sense of touch has been affected. Which part of the brain is the most likely site of the damage? | parietal lobe |
| Which of the following helps adults think faster than young children? | myelination |
| Though very rare, 3-year-old Zora suffered a stroke. After participating in two years of rehabilitation, Zora recovered nearly all of her lost functioning. What might account for this high degree of recovery? | plasticity and age |
| The endocrine system consists of various _____ that create and release _____ | glands; hormones. |
| Molly is passing on a mutated gene on her X chromosome. Why is her son more likely to express the mutation in his phenotype than her daughter is? | Males do not have a second X chromosome that might have a good copy of the gene. |
| Twin studies and studies of adopted children allow behavioral geneticists to research the _____ | relative contributions of genes and environment. |
Created by:
VPC