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Bio Chapter 7 and 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The double helix of DNA is composed of building blocks called? | nucleotides |
| In DNA | adenine pairs with thymine.and Guanine pairs with cytosine |
| RNA differs from DNA in many ways, including.... | DNA contains deoxyribose and RNA contains ribose. DNA contains thymine and RNA contains uracil instead of thymine DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded. RNA can catalyze some chemical reactions and DNA cannot. |
| Know different kind of RNA: | Transfer RNA, Ribosomal RNA, Messenger RNA |
| A DNA sequence that signals the start of a gene is | a promoter |
| Transcription | mRNA "message" into a sequence of amino acids |
| Initiation, elongation, and termination are main steps in | transcription and translation |
| three-base sequence (loop) in tRNA that is complementary to a three-base sequence in mRNA is | an anticodon |
| The initiation stage of translation brings together mRNA, a tRNA with the first amino acid, and the two ribosomal subunits | Initiation |
| The step of translation in which amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide is | Elongation |
| The step of translation in which release factors bind to a stop codon is | Termination |
| What is operon? | A group of genes, a promoter, and an operator that control transcription |
| What is mutation | |
| Silent mutation means | |
| A layer of membrane attached to a virus is called | |
| In a DNA molecule, hydrogen bonds link | the complementary nitrogenous bases, |
| molecule holds instructions for the synthesis of proteins and copies itself before cell division | DNA Replication |
| Name of the enzyme unwinds the DNA? | Helicase |
| Function of DNA polymerase | DNAP synthesizes DNA 1) "Reads" nucleotide on template strand 2) Brings in complementary nucletotide 3) Covalently links together *Gets rid of RNA in "Finishing Touches" |
| What is Apoptosis | A type of cell death in which a series of molecular steps in a cell lead to its death |
| One of two identical attached copies of a replicated chromosome | chromatid |
| Sister chromatids | are genetically identical and attached to each other at the centromere |
| Define fertilization | the union of two gametes |
| In what type of cells is mitosis processed? | eukaryotic cells |
| In what type of cells is meiosis processed? | sex cells |
| The correct sequence for the phases of mitosis is | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| In which phase of mitosis centromeres split and sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell? | Anaphase II |
| The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes are aligned along the equator of the cell is? | Metaphase |
| The phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes condense and centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell is? | prophase |
| What is a tumor? | An abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they should or do not die when they should |
| binary fission | asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies. |
Created by:
Trickard