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chapter 13
Pharmacy billing and inventory management
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adjudication | Electronic insurance billing for medication payment |
| Average wholesale price (AWP) | The average price at which a drug is sold |
| Civilian Health and Medical Program of the Department of Veterans Affairs (CHAMPVA) | A program for veterans with permanent service-related disabilities and their dependents and for the spouses and children of veterans who died of service-connected disability |
| Closed formulary | Tight restriction of medication use to the medications included on the formulary list; medications that are not listed as preapproved drugs |
| Copayment | The portion of the prescription bill that the patient is responsible for paying |
| Deductible | The amount paid by a policyholder out of pocket before the insurance company pays a claim |
| Direct manufacturer ordering | Pharmacies may join a group purchasing organization and contract directly with the manufacturer to obtain better pricing |
| Drug utilization evaluation (DUE) or review (DUR) | ) An ongoing review by a pharmacist of the prescribing, dispensing, and use of medications, based on predetermined criteria, to decide whether changes need to be made in a patient’s drug therapy |
| Formulary | A list of preapproved medications that are covered under a prescription plan or within an institution |
| Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) | Federal guidelines for the protection of a patient’s personal health information |
| Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) | An insurance plan that allows coverage for in-network only physicians and services and uses the primary care physician (or provider) as the “gatekeeper” for the patient’s health care |
| Inventory | The amount of product a pharmacy has for sale |
| Just-in-time ordering | A system that orders a product just before it is used |
| Medicaid | A government-managed insurance program that provides health care services to low-income children, the elderly, the blind, and those with disabilities |
| Medicare | A government-managed insurance program composed of several coverage plans for health care services and supplies |
| Medicare Modernization Act (MMA) | The enactment of prescription drug coverage provided for individuals covered under Medicare |
| Medigap plan | Supplemental insurance provided through private insurance companies to help cover costs not reimbursed by the Medicare plan, such as coinsurance, copays, and deductibles |
| National Drug Code (NDC) | A 10-digit number given to all drugs for identification purposes |
| National Provider Identifier (NPI) | A number assigned to any health care provider that is used for the purpose of standardizing health data transmissions |
| Open formulary | A formulary list that is essentially unrestricted in the types of drug choices offered or that can be prescribed and reimbursed under the health provider plan or pharmacy benefit plan |
| Patient profile | A document listing necessary patient personal and health information, including comprehensive information on the medications the patient is taking, disease states, and any food or drug allergies the person might have |
| Periodic automatic replenishment (PAR) | The PAR of stock levels to a certain number of allowed units |
| Pharmacy and therapeutics committee (P&T committee) | Medical staff composed of physicians, pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nurses, and dieticians who provide necessary information and advice to the institution or insurer on whether a drug should be added to a formulary |
| Point of sale (POS) | A system that allows inventory to be tracked as it is used |
| Preferred provider organization (PPO) | An insurance plan in which patients choose a provider from a specified list, resulting in reduced costs for medical services |
| Prime vendor | A large distributor of medications and retail products that contracts with the pharmacy to deliver the bulk of their medications in exchange for lower prices |
| Prior authorization | Insurance-required approval for a restricted, nonformulary, or noncovered medication before a prescription medication can be filled |
| Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) | Information sheets supplied to the pharmacy from the manufacturer of chemical products |
| Trade, brand, or proprietary drug name | The name a company assigns for marketing and identification purposes to a commercial drug product |
| Treatment authorization request (TAR) | The process used by Medicare and Medicaid for authorization of assistive technology devices costing more than $100 |
| TRICARE (formerly CHAMPUS) | A health benefit program for active duty and retired personnel in all seven uniformed services |
| Wholesalers | Companies that stock a variety of drug manufacturers’ medications and normally have a “just-in-time” turnaround for ordered drugs |
| Workers’ compensation | Government-required and government-enforced medical coverage for workers injured on the job, paid for by the employer |