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chem test 6&7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dobereiner | a scientist who organized elements into three groups (triads) |
| Dmitri Mendeleev | a scientist who created first version of periodic table, arranged elements by mass, and left spaces for new elements to be discovered |
| Henry Mosely | a scientist who determined the atomic # for each element |
| how is todays periodic table arranged | increasing atomic # |
| periodic law | when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic #, there is a Periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties |
| the 3 broad classes of elements | metals, nonmetals, and metalloids |
| properties of metals | shiny, lusturous, good conductors of heat/electricity, ductile, and malleable. reacts with acid, and solid at room temperature (except for hg) |
| nonmetals properties | most are gases (Br = liquid) (S, Se, C, P = solids) and properties vary |
| metalloids properties | has both properties of both metals and nonmetals |
| group 1 | alkai metals |
| group 2 | alkaline |
| group 17 | halogens |
| group 18 | noble gases |
| what groups are representative elements | groups 1,2,13-18 |
| representative elements definition | represents a wide range of physical and chemical properties |
| transition elements | presence of electrons in d sub level |
| inner transition elements | electrons in f sublevels |
| atomic radius | size of an atom |
| size of cations in comparison to their atom | smaller |
| when do atoms become smaller | when the greater nuclear charge (protons) pulls in electrons |
| size of anions in comparison to their atom | bigger |
| ionization energy | energy required to remove an electron from an atom |
| electronegativity | ability of an atom to attract electrons when in a band |
| properties of ionic compounds | solid crystalline structure, very high melting point, conducts electricity when dissolved |
| metallic bonds | forces of attraction between free-floating valence electrons and the positively charged metals ions |
| metallic properties | malleable, conduct electricity bc electrons are free flowing |
| octet rule | when forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve the configuration of a noble gas |
| ionic compounds | compounds that are composed of anions and cations (electronically neutral) |
| Ionic bond | the electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds |
| nonmetals in relation to electrons | they gain electrons (anions) |
| metals in relation to electrons | lose electrons (cations) |
Created by:
chelseataylor
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