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AP Gov Study Vocab
Unit 4 key words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Individualism | Each person is responsible for themselves, and free to do what they choose. |
| Equality of Opportunity | Each person has an opportunity to succeed, however equality of outcome is not guaranteed |
| Free Enterprise | An economic system based mostly on markets and freedom of people to choose what to buy and sell |
| Rule of Law | No person is above the law |
| Limited Government | Governmental power is limited by the constitution |
| Political Socialization | The process of a person obtaining their political ideology |
| Factors of Political Socialization | Family, Peers, Education, Media, Religion |
| Generational Effects | Different voting patterns and political beliefs of people from different generations |
| Life Cycle Effects | People focus on different issues at different points in their lives. |
| Globalization | U.S. political culture has influenced as well as been influenced by the political values from other countries. |
| Public Opinion polls | Poll to measure public opinion on a particular issue |
| Benchmark Poll | Used to find out where a candidate stands before any campaigning |
| Tracking polls | A continuous poll used to chart changes in public opinion over time |
| Entrance/Exit polls | Taken as people enter and leave specific polling booths. Used to predict elections, gain insight on voter behavior, and analyze how different demographics voted. |
| Random Random Sample | All people in a population have an equal change of being selected |
| Stratified Sample | Population is divided into subgroups and is weighted based on population demographics |
| Sampling Errors | A polling error that arises from only using a sample of a population |
| Political Ideology | A consistent set of Political values about the beliefs and scope of government |
| Conservatives Views | Less economic regulation, Lower taxes, Cut government spending on entitlement programs, Increase defense spending, more police, and more punishment of crime, Government should protect more traditional values, Support vouchers to attend private schools. |
| Liberal Views | More economic regulation; Higher taxes on those with higher incomes; favor government spending on entitlement programs to promote social equality; Decreased defense spending focuses on protecting the right of the accused |
| Liberal Views pt.2 | Believe the government shouldn't regulate private matters; Support public education, oppose vouchers, especially those that can attend religious school; Favor social Liberty |
| Libertarian Views | Little to no regulation beyond protection of property rights; Minimal taxation; Favor a dramatic reduction in defense spending, decriminalization of victimless crimes and protecting the right of accused; Believe government shouldn't touch personal stuff |
| Keynesian Economics | Government should stimulate the economy during recessions by increasing government spending to jump start the economy |
| Supply-Side Economics | Government should stimulate the economy during recessions by cutting taxes to encourage businesses to grow and taxpayers to spend more money |
| Free-Market Economics | Government should take no action during a recession; the economy will fix itself |
| Fiscal Policy | Government tax spending policies, conducted by Congress and the president |
| Monetary Policy | Conducted by the Federal Reserve; Controlling the money supply and interest rest to stabilize the economy; Money supply and interest rates are inversely related |
Created by:
smileyryzer