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Chem 3 Vocab

TermDefinition
Periodic Table An arrangement of elements in which atomic number increases from left to right and elements with similar properties fall in columns called families or groups.
Period horizontal rows on the periodic table, indicates the energy level of the atom;s valence electrons.
Group/Family A group of elements that have similar outer electron configurations and therefore similar properties. Families/Groups occur in vertical columns in the periodic table.
Periodic Law A law that states that when the elements are arranged in order of increasing relative mass, certain sets of properties recur periodically
Metals Elements that tend to lose electrons in chemical reactions. They are found at the left side and in the center of the periodic table.
Nonmetals Elements that tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions. They are found at the upper right side of the periodic table.
Metalloids Those elements that fall along the boundary between the metals and the nonmetals in the periodic table ; their properties are intermediate between those of metals and those of nonmetals.
Alkali Metals The Group 1A elements, which are highly reactive metals.
Alkaline Earth Metals The Group 2A elements, which are fairly reactive metals.
Halogens The group 7A elements, which are very reactive nonmetals.
Noble Gases The Group 8A elements, which are chemically unreactive
Transition Metals The elements in the middle of the periodic table whose properties tend to be less predictable based simply on their position in the periodic table.
Atomic Radius The size of an atom, which is determined by how far the outermost electrons are from the nucleus,
Effective Nuclear Charge the net attraction an electron feels from the nucleus.
Ionic Radii size of an ion
First Ionization Energy The energy required to remove an electron from an atom in the gaseous state.
Electronegativity The ability of an element to attract electrons within a covalent bond.
Reactivity a measure of how readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction.
Created by: JayCampo
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