Question 1

A Blank is a group of people who share a roughly similar economic position and lifestyle.

Accepted Answer

class

Question 2

According to Karl Marx, the structure of the capitalist system is characterized by

Accepted Answer

conflict

Question 3

Max Weber used the term class to refer to people who share

Accepted Answer

current market situation

Question 4

Which are most likely to be affected by a person's social class?

Accepted Answer

-membership in clubs
-formal schooling
-religious affiliation

Question 5

In Karl Marx's analysis, which of the following inevitably lead to conflict between the major classes?

Accepted Answer

-The workers want to maximize wages.
-Workers are paid less than the value of their labor.
-Business want more profit

Question 6

Financial assets, such as savings, real estate, stocks, and bonds, minus any outstanding debt constitute one's

Accepted Answer

wealth

Question 7

Marx conceptualized class in terms of ______, but Weber looked at it in terms of ______.

Accepted Answer

organization of work; life chances

Question 8

Functionalists believe which of the following about class stratification?

Accepted Answer

They believe class stratification produces rewards for everyone.

Question 9

Which U.S. social class does not have a major asset to contribute to the economy?

Accepted Answer

underclass

Question 10

In general, the richer people are, the smaller the percentage of their income that comes from

Accepted Answer

employment

Question 11

Which of the following are true about income?

Accepted Answer

Most people derive their income primarily from wages and salaries.

Question 12

Which perspective is more likely to endorse the argument that the most talented people would not spend many years in school training to become a doctor if a career in medicine provided no greater benefits than a career in a fast-food industry?

Accepted Answer

Functionalist perspective

Question 13

John works at an electric power company. He always take breaks at 12:30 pm. He asks permission when he wants to use the restroom. John must be a(n) ______ employee.

Accepted Answer

working class

Question 14

Which of the following sociologists coined the term cultural capital?

Accepted Answer

Pierre Bourdieu

Question 15

Which sociologist argued that a capitalist society produces conflict between factory owners and factory workers?

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx

Question 16

College professors, plumbers, bank presidents, and welders together illustrate the variance of

Accepted Answer

individual members of the middle-class system.

Question 17

Which of the following terms refers to earnings from work or to the value of investments less outstanding debts?

Accepted Answer

wealth

Question 18

Joanne’s employment status varies. She is sporadically and briefly employed and depends on long-term public assistance. She is a part of the

Accepted Answer

under class.

Question 19

Which sociologist argues that position in the class system is more powerful than race when determining blacks’ access to privilege and power?

Accepted Answer

William Julius Wilson

Question 20

The poverty line is a measure of scarcity that has been calculated by multiplying a minimal food budget by a factor of three. Presently, it would be more realistic to multiply a minimal food budget by a factor of

Accepted Answer

five

Question 21

The concept of “equal outcomes” means that the government

Accepted Answer

raises wages for low-income positions and increases taxes on higher-income earners.

Question 22

The practice of levying higher tax rates on higher incomes is called

Accepted Answer

progressive taxation.

Question 23

The nature and extent of inequality in a society is most affected by which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

balance of power

Question 24

The existence of an economic gap between industrialized countries and the developing world rooted in differences in cultural values is described by

Accepted Answer

modernization theory.

Question 25

The concept of neocolonialism refers to the process by which

Accepted Answer

multinational corporations dominate the economy of a poor country.

Question 26

In sociology, ______ refers to the organized instruction by trained teachers

Accepted Answer

schooling

Question 27

Public schools did not emerge in the United States until the early

Accepted Answer

1830s

Question 28

The fundamental function of contemporary schools that involves teaching students about common cultural traditions and building a sense of community is known as

Accepted Answer

social integration

Question 29

______ education refers to the role of schools in teaching children the central values and beliefs of their society

Accepted Answer

Moral

Question 30

Raising your hand and waiting to be called on before speaking is an example of

Accepted Answer

behavior conformity

Question 31

In sociology, ______ is the social institution through which individuals acquire knowledge and skills and learn cultural norms and values

Accepted Answer

education

Question 32

Which leader of the American Revolution was a strong advocate of the development of a public elementary school system?

Accepted Answer

Thomas Jefferson

Question 33

Which of the following are fundamental functions of contemporary education? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

change and innovation
the transfer of knowledge
child care

Question 34

The hidden curriculum places primary emphasis on

Accepted Answer

obedience to authorities.

Question 35

In 2016, the median income for individuals with a bachelor's degree was ______ that of people who had not completed high school

Accepted Answer

double

Question 36

Public schools are primarily funded by which of the following taxes?

Accepted Answer

property

Question 37

In their classic work Schooling in Capitalist America, Samuel Bowles and Herbert Gintis (1976) argued that a key function of schools is to

Accepted Answer

mold future workers.

SOC Chapter 9-12

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