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AP Lang Midterm
Pronoun Antecedent, Subject Verb, Punctuation, Rhetorical Devices, Fallicies etc
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alliteration | Repetition of sounds at the beginning of words. |
| Allusion | Referencing something, only talk about if you know the allusion. |
| Ambiguity | The multiple meaning of something. |
| Analogy | A similarity or comparison between different things. |
| Anaphora | Repetition of a word or group of words. |
| Anecdote | A short story told by the narrator. |
| Antithesis | Two contrasting ideas are intentionally juxtaposed through parallel structure. |
| Aphorism | A statement of known authorship that is a general truth or moral principal. |
| Apostrophe | A figure of speech that addresses an imaginary person or personified abstraction, like liberty or love. |
| Aristotle's Appeals | Logos, Ethos or Pathos |
| Asyndeton | Omits conjunctions between words, like a piling list. |
| Chiasmus | Two phrases that are next to each other that are parallel in syntax but are opposite in order. |
| Colloquial or Colloquiallsm | The use of a large amount of slang in a writing. |
| Connotation | The non literal meaning of a word, the implied meeting. |
| Diction | Author's word choices. |
| Didactic | A teaching or more instructing way of describing something. |
| Euphemism | An agreeable or less offensive substitute for another word. |
| Hyperbole | Exaggeration or overstatement. |
| Hypophora | A question is asked, and then answered by the same author. Asking and responding to your own questions. |
| Juxtaposition | When two words or ideas are side by side for comparison. |
| Litotes | A point being affirmed by negating the opposite. |
| Parallelism | The framing of paragraphs, words or sentences to show structural similarity. |
| Pedantic | Describing words in an overly scholarly way. |
| Rhetorical Modes | Expository, Argument, Description and Narration. |
| Rhetorical Question | A question asked by the writer that is very obvious, so it doesn't need to be answered by the writer. |
| Satire | A work that targets human follies or vices or social things to ridicule. (Careful) |
| Syntax | The way the author joins words, phrases or paragraphs. |
| Tone | The author's attitude to the material. |
| Types of Sentences | Declarative, Imperative, Interrogative and Exclamatory. |
| Understatement | The ironic minimizing of a fact, opposite of hyperbole. |
| Polysyndeton | List of repeated words or clauses connected or repeated with the same conjunction, usually and or or. |
| Appeal to Ignorance | Since nobody has proven a claim, it has to be false. |
| Reducto as Absurdum | Reduces the opponents argument to absurdity. |
| Ad Hominem | Attacks the person rather than dealing with the actual argument. |
| Tu Quoque (You too) | Says the other person has done something equally as bad. |
| Ad Baculum | Argument based on fear or a threat. |
| Ad Verecundiam | Appeal to an unqualified authority. |
| Bandwagon | Everyone else is doing it so you should too. |
| Broad Generalization | Everything and everyone all at once, no exceptions. |
| Hasty Generalization | Draws conclusions from a sample that is not large enough. |
| Either or thinking | Reducing a solution to two extremes. |
| False Analogy | Based on misleading or implausible comparisons. |
| Oversimplification | Leaves out relevant considerations about an issue. |
| Red Herring | Avoids the central argument and shifts to an unrelated issue. |
| False Cause | Presumption of a casual link between two phenomena, when it is actually just a correlation. |
| Slippery Slope | Exaggerates the consequences of an action by thinking one thing will lead to another and another. |
| Straw Man | Ignores a person's actual argument and distorts it. |
| Coordinating Adjectives | Use a comma between them. |
| Cumulative Adjectives | Do not use a comma between them. |
| IC CC IC | Use a comma between them, CC are FANBOYS. |
| Introductory Clauses/ Phrases | Usually function as adverbs, tell when, where, how, why or under what conditions something occurs. |
| Participial Phrase | Function as adjectives and end in -ing, -ed, -en. |
| Adjective Clause | Begin with who, whom, whose, which, that, where or when. |
| Appositive | A noun or noun phrase that renames or identifies another noun beside it. |
| What are the 9 types of evidence? | Personal, Historical, Current Events, Literature, Film and TV, Compare and Contrast, Analogies, Hypothesis, Definition. |
| What goes in an introduction paragraph for argumentative? | Background of the topic. |
| What can go into a conclusion paragraph for argumentative? | Ask a question, present a memorable image, revisit an analogy, call for action or future consequences. |
| What words do you stay away from in argumentative? | All, None, Never, Most. |
| What words can you use in an argumentative? | Some, Seldom, Many. |
| What are the parts of SOAPSTone? | Speaker, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Subject, Tone. |
| What is the formula for a thesis statement (rhetorical analysis). | Text and Author, Verb, Strategies and Devices, Verb (Infinitive), Authors Purpose. |
| What three questions do you use to analyze a rhetorical analysis? | What is the author doing? How are they doing it? Why is the rhetorical device effective? |
| After a topic sentence in a rhetorical analysis, you have to... | Elaborate for 2-3 more sentences. |
| Drop Quote | Starting a sentence with a quote. |
| Incomplete Sentence (Quote Integration) | Followed by a comma, and can't be a complete thought. |
| Introductory Phrase (Quote Integration) | Only used as a followup after you've already used another quote. |
| Complete Sentence Lead (Quote Integration) | A complete intro sentence before a quote, not repeating the quote, but looking for points and beliefs. |
| Blended (Quote Integration) | Uses only part of the quote and flows from your words into the quote. |
| Types of Sentences | Declarative, Interrogative, Imperative and Exclamative. |
Created by:
TrueSilver20
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