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APUSH: Chapter 5
APUSH: Chapter 5 (Problems of Empire (1763-1776)) Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sugar Act of 1764 | Part of Prime Minister Grenville's revenue program, the act replaced the Molasses Act of 1733, and actually lowered the tax on sugar and molasses |
| Vice-Admiralty Courts | tribunals governing the high seas and run by British-appointed judges |
| Stamp Act of 1765 | This act required colonists to pay for an official stamp, or seal, when they bought paper items. |
| Virtual Representation | British governmental theory that Parliament spoke for all British subjects, including Americans, even if they did not vote for its members |
| Quartering Act of 1765 | Required colonists to provide food & supplies to British troops stationed in the colonies. |
| Stamp Act Congress | group of colonists who protested the Stamp Act, saying that Parliament couldn't tax without colonist' consent. protested the "rights of liberty" and right to trial by jury. |
| Sons of Liberty | a group of colonists led by samuel adams and john hancock who formed a secret society to oppose British policies at the time of the American Revolution. |
| English Common Law | The centuries-old body of legal rules and procedures that protected the lives and property of the British monarch's subjects. |
| Natural Rights | the idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and property |
| Declaratory Act of 1766 | Passed at the same time that the Stamp Act was repealed, the Act declared that Parliament had the power to tax the colonies both internally and externally, and had absolute power over the colonial legislatures. |
| Townshend Act of 1767 | British law that established new duties on tea, glass, lead, paper, and painters' colors imported into the colonies. Led to boycotts and heightened tensions between Britain and the American colonies. |
| Nonimportation Movement | A tactical means of putting economic pressure on Britain by refusing to buy its exports to the colonies. |
| Committees of Correspondence | Organization founded by Samuel Adams consisting of a system of communication between patriot leaders in New England and throughout the colonies |
| Tea Act of 1763 | Act of the Parliament to reduce the massive surplus of tea held by the financially troubled British East India Company in its London warehouses and to help the struggling company survive. high taxes on tea |
| Coercive Acts | Four British acts of 1774 meant to punish Massachusetts for the destruction of three shiploads of tea. Known in America as the Intolerable Acts, they led to open rebellion in the northern colonies. |
| Continental Congress | The legislative assembly composed of delegates from the rebel colonies who met during and after the American Revolution. met in Philadelphia |
| Continental Association | An association established in 1774 by the First Continental Congress to enforce a boycott of British goods. |
| Dunmore’s War | A 1774 war led by Virginia's royal governor, the Earl of Dunmore, against the Ohio Shawnees, who had a long-standing claim to Kentucky as a hunting ground. The Shawnees were defeated and Dunmore and his militia forces claimed Kentucky as their own. |
| Minutemen | Member of a militia during the American Revolution who could be ready to fight in sixty seconds |
| Second Continental Congress | They organized the continental Army, called on the colonies to send troops, selected George Washington to lead the army, and appointed the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence |
| Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson's document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain |
| Popular Sovereignty | A government in which the people rule by their own consent. |
| George Grenville | Became the Prime Minister of England in 1763; proposed the Currency, Sugar & Stamp Acts to raise revenue in the colonies in order to defray the expenses of the French & Indian War & to maintain Britain's expanded empire in America. |
| John Dickinson | Conservative leader who wrote "Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania"; advocated for colonial rights but urged conciliation with England & opposed the Declaration of Independence; helped to write the Articles of Confederation. |
| Charles Townshend | British prime minister, government official, close to the king, who sought restrictions on the colonial assemblies and supported the Stamp Act. Sponsored taxes for: lead, glass, paper, paint & tea, and created the townshend acts |
| Lord North | Prime Minister of England from 1770 to 1782. Repealed the Townshend Acts, but went along with King George III's repressive policies towards the colonies. Retained the tax on tea as a symbol for Parliamentary supremacy. |
| Samuel Adams | American Revolutionary leader and patriot, Founder of the Sons of Liberty and one of the most vocal patriots for independence from Massachusetts; signed the Declaration of Independence |
| Lord Dunmore | Royal governor of Virginia who issued a proclamation promising freedom for any enslaved black in Virginia who joined the British army |
| Thomas Paine | American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) and author of common sense, who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution |
| Thomas Jefferson | Virginian, architect, author, governor, and president. . Wrote the Declaration of Independence, which he incorporated ideas of the European enlightenment. |
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