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Chem Vocab Unit 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electromagnetic Radiation | a form of energy that is produced by oscillating electric and magnetic disturbance, or by the movement of electrically charged particles traveling through a vacuum or matter |
| Light | the electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 380 and 750 nm which is visible to the human eye. |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | the entire distribution of electromagnetic radiation according to frequency or wavelength |
| Energy | the energy which is stored in the bonds of chemical compounds (molecules and atoms) |
| Visible Light | the segment of the electromagnetic spectrum that the human eye can view. |
| Wavelength | In a wave the distance between any given point and the same point in the next wave cycle. |
| Frequency | the number of events per unit of time where an event is repeating at regularly spaced time intervals |
| Quantum | the smallest discrete unit of a phenomenon |
| Photon | a tiny particle that comprises waves of electromagnetic radiation Ground State:the state of lowest energy for that electron. |
| Ground State | the state of lowest energy for that electron. |
| Excited State | a state of a physical system (such as an atomic nucleus, an atom, or a molecule) that is higher in energy than the ground state. |
| Orbital | describes properties characteristic of no more than two electrons in the vicinity of an atomic nucleus or of a system of nuclei as in a molecule. |
| Electron Configuration | distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule in atomic or molecular orbitals. |
| Subshell | a subdivision of electron shells separated by electron orbitals |
| Principle Quantum Number | describes the energy of an electron and the most probable distance of the electron from the nucleus |
| Aufbau Principle | states that in the ground state of an atom or ion, electrons fill subshells of the lowest available energy, then they fill subshells of higher energy. |
| Hund's Rule | every orbital in a subshell is singly occupied with one electron before any one orbital is doubly occupied, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals have the same spin. |
| Pauli's Exclusion Rule | no two electrons in the same atom can have identical values for all four of their quantum numbers |
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