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Science notes unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything without volume and mass |
| element | type of atom |
| compounds | two or more atoms chemically combined |
| energy | the ability to more or change matter |
| kinetic energy | movement |
| potential energy | position (potential for something to happen) |
| thermal energy | heat |
| chemical energy | reaction |
| chemical | new substances with new chemical properties created |
| physical | change in properties affecting appearance or form |
| bohr model of the atom | dense nucleus of protons and neutrons, electrons orbit in distinct energy levels (shells) |
| atomic # | number of protons in the nucleus determines the element |
| mass number | mass of an atoms nucleus, combined number of protons and neutrons |
| isotope | atoms of the same element and atomic # with different mass numbers |
| isobar | different elements and atomic numbers with the same mass number |
| atomic emission | the process of electrons absorbing and releasing energy in teh form of light at specific wavelengths |
| ground state | default, lowest energy state of an atom electrons |
| excited state | occurs when an electron gains energy and jumps up |
| emission spectrum lines | excited electron returns to the ground state, releasing emitting energy as light |
| electromagnetic radiation | described as a wave with a set wavelength and frequency |
| photon | electromagnetic radiation described as a particle with a set energy |
| wavelength | distance from peak to peak |
| frequency | amount of peaks that pass per second |
| speed | distance traveled per second |
| valence electrons | the number of electrons in the highest energy level are the outermost electrons of an atom |
| core electrons | all other electrons |
| noble gas configuration | a method of shortening electron configuration by starting from after the most recent noble gas instead of beginning at 1s |
| isoelectronic | two atoms are isoelectronic to each other when they have the same electron configuration |