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Unit 3
Bonding
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Electron configuration | the representation of the arrangement of electrons distributed among the orbital shells and sub-shells |
| Covalent bond | consists of the mutual sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between two atoms |
| ionic bond | the complete transfer of valence electron(s) between atoms |
| ion | any atom or group of atoms that bears one or more positive or negative electrical charges |
| Lewis dot structure (Electron-dot rotation) | a very simplified representation of the valence shell electrons in a molecule |
| Octet rule | An atom will be most stable when surrounded by 8 electrons in the valence shell (outer most energy level) |
| Metallic bond | the attraction of the stationary metal cations to the surrounding mobile electrons |
| conductivity | a measure of the ability of an aqueous solution to carry an electric current |
| polar | the separation of an electric charge which leads a molecule to have a positive and negative end |
| non-polar | all of the sides around the central atom are identical |
| bent | The two atoms connected to the central atom form a molecule with a bent shape (water is bent) |
| tetrahedral | a molecular shape that occurs when there are four bonds and no lone pairs in the molecule's central atom |
| trigonal planner | a central atom connected to three atoms arranged in a triangular pattern around the central atom |
| linear | A molecule or polymer with a single backbone; each monomer molecule is bonded to at most two other monomer molecules |
| valence electrons | a single electron or one of two or more electrons in the outer shell of an atom that is responsible for the chemical properties of the atom. |
| formula unit | the empirical formula of any ionic or covalent network solid compound used as an independent entity for stoichiometric calculations |
| poly atomic ion | an ion that contains more than one atom. |
| VSERP theory | a model used to predict 3-D molecular geometry based on the number of valence shell electron bond pairs among the atoms in a molecule or ion. |