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Weather & Climate
Weather & Climate WOW
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| altitude | the elevation of a location above (or below) sea level |
| anemometer | an instrument used to measure wind sped |
| atmospheric scientist | a scientist who studies the atmosphere, from the surface of Earth to several hundred kilometers above |
| causal relationship | a relationship in which a change in one factor causes a change to another factor. The first event is the cause and the result is the effect. |
| climate | the average weather in a place over a fairly long period of time (usually 30 years) |
| climate change | the climate of an area can change over time |
| climatologist | a scientist who studies Earth's climates |
| cold front | an area where a moving mass of colder air is replacing warmer air mass |
| constraint | in engineering design, something that limits the solution to a problem |
| Coriolis effect | the apparent change in direction of a moving body caused by the rotation of the system |
| correlation | a measure of how well one set of data relates to another |
| criteria | In engineering design, the goals and the desired features of the solution |
| current (ocean) | a defined area of flow within an ocean capable of moving large amounts of water very long distances |
| evidence | information that supports or refutes a claim |
| front (weather) | areas with unstable, often stormy weather |
| global warming | the gradual warming of Earth's average surface temperature. |
| greenhouse effect | the process by which certain gases in the air absorb and hold thermal energy, making Earth's surface warmer than it would otherwise be |
| greenhouse gas | a gas that traps thermal energy in the atmopshere |
| groundwater | water found beneath Earth's surface in water-bearing earth materials and in underground lakes and rivers |
| hydrologist | a scientist who studies the distribution and movement of Earth's water |
| latitude | the means of specifying a location relative to the equator (parallel to the equator) |
| mean | a statistical measure of centrality often called the 'average' Calculated by adding up all of the values in a data set and dividing this sum by the total number of values. |
| median | A statistical measure of centrality. It is the middle value after the data set has been listed from smallest to largest OR largest to smallest. |
| meteorologist | a scientist who studies weather |
| mode | a statistical measure of centrality. It is the value(or values) that appears most often in a data set. |
| model | any representation |
| precipitation | any form of water that falls to Earth, including, rain, snow, sleet and hail |
| prevailing wind | the most common, or modal, wind direction for a region, related to the latitude of a region |
| trade-off | a desirable outcome given up for another desirable outcome |
| troposhere | the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, where people live and most weather occurs |
| warm fron | an area where a warmer air mass is replacing a cooler air mass |
| weather | the outdoor conditions at a specific time and place |
| weather forcast | a meteorologist's prediction of the weather |
| wind direction | the compass point from where the win originates |
| wind | the movement of air from areas of higher pressure toward areas of lower pressure |
| wind vane | an instrument used to measure wind direction |
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