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ChemistryUnit4

Electron Configuration

TermDefinition
Quantum Mechanical model Predicts the probability of where electrons are within an atom
Electron Configurations Show how electrons are distributed within an atom
Sublevels Correspond to the different areas an electron can be located in an atom
Principle Energy Levels Describe the average distance of an electron from the nucleus, energy increases the farther away you go from the nucleus
S sublevel shape Sphere
P sublevel shape Dumbbell
D sublevel shape Clover
F sublevel shape Double clover
Atomic Orbitals The different orientation of sublevels in 3-D Space, can only hold up to two electrons
Sublevel Orbitals Similar in shape, but different in orientation and size
Aufbau Principle Electrons enter sublevels with the lowest energy first
Orbital Notation Uses circles to represent atomic orbitals with a label underneath to indicate sublevel and energy level
Pauli Principle Atomic orbitals can hold only 2 electrons at most and they must have opposite spins
Hund's Rule In a sublevel with more than one orbital, put one electron into each orbital before putting 2 electrons into any one orbital
Isoelectronic Two atoms have the same number of electrons
Noble Gas Configuration Uses closest noble gas to the element you are writing the configuration for that comes before the element
Valence Electrons Electrons located in the outermost energy level (Responsible for bonding)
Figure out Valence Electrons Look at the highest numbered energy level in the entire configuration, add the electrons together
Quantum Numbers Used to describe the distribution of electrons in atoms
Energy level (n) Principle Quantum Number
Sublevel (l) Angular Momentum Quantum Number
Orbital (m sub l) Magnetic Quantum Number
Direction (m sub s) Electron Spin Quantum Number
Created by: ClimbingBird
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