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Biology Quiz 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define cloning. | the process of making an identical genetic copy of something |
| What can be cloned? | Any living things: DNA, cells, tissues, organs, plants, and animals |
| How can animals clone themselves? | Asexual reproduction |
| Define budding. | asexually reproduce by growing a new organism off the side of their bodies |
| Define fragmentation. | occurs when a part of an organism becomes disconnected and grows into a new, complete organism; examples sponges, plants, and runners |
| Define regeneration. | process of tissue regrowth & occurs in 3 steps: dedifferentiation (specialized cells revert to stem cell-like state, regrowth (mitosis), & redifferentiation (stem cell-like cells become specialized again) |
| Define plant cutting (or striking/cloning). | vegetatively (asexually) propagating plants in which a piece of the source plant, containing, at least one stem cell, is places in a suitable medium such as moist soil, potting mix, or sand |
| Define coleus. | ornamental plant from Southeast Asia, member of the mint family, the square stem is representative of members of the mint family. |
| Define cancer. | uncontrolled cell growth and is characterized by disruption of the cell cycle. |
| What is something in common about cancers and why? | the development of large masses of tissue, called tumors. |
| What happens if the tumor does not spread to other tissues, or metastasize? | it is labeled benign and non-cancerous, not harmful, can lead to disease because of size |
| What happens if the tumor spreads to other tissues, capable of metastasis? | it is labeled malignant and cancerous |
| What is healthy human blood composed of? | correct proportion of red blood cells and white blood cells |
| What is the blood composed of in Leukemia cancer? | white blood cells |
| What is lung tissues composed of? | many sac-like structures called alveoli |
| What is the very thin layer of lung tissue necessary for? | oxygen transfer into the blood |
| What is skin tissue composed of? | layer of epidermis (the cellular layer), dermis (the connective tissue layer), and the hypodermis (not visible in the slide, composed of connective and adipose tissue) |
| What is one of the tissues that grows in your body continuously? | skin |
| What is the most common type of cancer, according to CDC? | skin cancer |
| Define meiosis. | cell division in which chromosome number is reduced by one-half (reduction division). |
| Diploid organisms undergo meiosis to produce ... | haploid gametes |
| Meiosis produced four haploid genetically different cells through what two divisions? | Meiosis I and Meiosis II |
| In humans, males produce haploid sperm with ___ chromosomes and females produce haploid eggs with ___ chromosomes. | 23 |
| When a sperm fertilizes an egg it restores our diploid number to ... | 46 chromosomes |
| Define polar bodies. | human females, one diploid cell produced one haploid egg and three nonfunctional cells |
| # of chromosomal duplications in Mitosis and Meiosis | Mitosis 1, Meiosis 1 |
| # of cell divisions in Mitosis and Meiosis | Mitosis 1, Meiosis 2 |
| # of daughter cells produced in Mitosis and Meiosis | Mitosis 2, Meiosis 4 |
| How do chromosomes line up in metaphase for Mitosis and Meiosis? | Mitosis: straight line down the middle, no pairing, Meiosis: chromosomes pair up in the middle |
| genetic relationship of daughter cells to parent cells in Mitosis and Meiosis | Mitosis: identical, Meiosis: different (cross over and haploid) |
| function in human body in Mitosis and Meiosis | Mitosis: asexual reproduction, growth, and repair, Meiosis: sex cells |
| What are planarians? | flatworms, ability to regenerate when cut in half producing two clones |
| How does cloning and mitosis relate? | cells that are being cloned are going through mitosis, and mitosis creates cells that are exact copies, or clones of each other |
| Does cloning and meiosis relate? | no; meiosis creates cells that are different from each other, while cloning is creating identical copies. |
| What is another term for cancer? | malignant tumor |
| How many people in America will develop skin cancer? | 1 in 5 |
Created by:
kailey.harvey