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PSYC1000 MIDSEM MOCK
Mid semester
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Psychology is a method for | acquiring more insight into the hows and whys of human behavior |
| A psychologist is often skeptical of claims suggesting that | a particular behavior is result of a single causal variable |
| Which of the following is the best statement of your authors' position regarding the use of intuition in decision-making situations | intuition comes in handy in many situations and often guides people to the truth |
| In science, a scientific theory is defined as a(n) | explanation for a large number of findings in the natural world |
| Which of the following would be best described as an 'educated guest'? | hypothesis |
| The tendency to look for supportive evidence, rather than actively seeking out contradictory evidence, is known as | the confirmation bias |
| Which of the following categories involves claims that are always untestable | Metaphysics |
| The major difference between pseudoscience and science is that | Pseudoscience lacks the safeguards against cognitive biases that characterize science |
| Which of the following statements would your authors probably find the most worrisome | Pseudoscience seems to be so much more interesting and engaging than science |
| Traps in thinking that can lead to mistaken conclusions are called | logical fallacies |
| The assumption that a relationship between two variables indicates a direct, cause-and-effect relationship between them is the basis of the ____________ fallacy | correlation-causation |
| Developmental psychologists are trying to evaluate different explanations for the effects of poor parenting on behavior problems in children. One important scientific thinking principle that the psychologists should keep in mind is to | rule out rival hypotheses using additional research |
| When conducting psychological research, a(n)_______ is any situation that can change or fluctuate over time | variable |
| A therapist notices that several clients with anxiety disorders also demonstrate symptoms consistent with major depressive disorder. Why should she be cautious in making the assumption that experiencing an anxiety disorder causes one to experience major d | The relationship may really be the result of a third variable, such as lack of personal control |
| According to your authors, one of the bottom lines of scientific thinking is | if a claim runs counter to what we already know, it should be supported by extraordinary evidence |
| Psychology was once similar to which of the following disciplines | Philosophy |
| Introspection requires | reflection on the self |
| Suppose you were one of the early graduate students in the newly-developed field of psychology. Your mentor is interested in discovering the answers to questions like, 'why is the ability to forget helpful?' 'How do emotions assist us in social situations | Structuralist |
| The uncovering of learning processes that explain all behaviors, especially observable behaviors, is the goal of which perspective | Behaviorism |
| A classmate tells you he following: 'it's not how a teacher answers your question that matters but how you interpret his or her attempt at answering your question that leaves you satisfied or unsatisfied with his or her answer.' This statement fits most | Cognitivism |
| Imagine that you were a psychology professor lecturing on the nature-nurture debate in 1920. You would have likely emphasized the importance of_____. Now imagine today, the same topic. You would likely to emphasize the importance of ______ | Nurture; the interaction of nature and nurture |
| Nico is meeting with his academic adviser. He wishes to pursue a career where he will work to diagnose and treat mental disorder. Nico aspires to be a(n) | clinical psychologist |
| Sigmund Freud was a leading figure in which perspective of psychology | Psychoanalysis |
| When a psychologist is discussing a heuristic, he or she is referring to | a mental shortcut or rule of thumb |
| When a researcher tests his or her hypothesis, he or she is often hoping to gather info that is consistent with a particular theory. What, more specifically, allows a researcher to say that he or she has 'proven' a theory? | a researcher is never able to say that he or she has 'proven' a theory |
| Dr. Watson wanted to know which sex was better at sharing at the sixth-graded level, so he went to the local middle school to observe lunch periods. This is a form of | naturalistic observation |
| ______ psychology is the study of how behavior changes over the lifespan | developmental |
| Which of the following is not one of the stages of prenatal development | The amniotic stage |
| The heart, lungs, and brain begin to form during the ____ period of prenatal development | embryonic |
| ________ behaviors are defined as bodily motions that are self-initiated and move bones and muscles. | Motor |
| Which of the following is an example of a primary sex characteristic | Growth of the genitals |
| Sarah has developed a sucking scheme as a way of understanding objects around her. Sarah's behavior of sucking on a harmonica to make music is an example of | assimilation |
| Marko believed that all red go-carts were fast until he drove a very sow one at the fair. Marko's revised views on red go-carts illustartes | accomodation |
| During the _____stage of development, a child will not have developed object permanence. | sensorimotor |
| Which of the following indicates the correct order of stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development | sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational |
| According to Vygotsky, cognitive development results, at least in part, from | scaffolding |
| The highest levels of moral reasoning, called_____ morality, are based on internal principles that may differ from societal values | Postconventional |
| According to Erikson, failure to successfully resolve an early development crisis leads to which outcome | It increases the likelihood that a future crisis wil not be successfully resolved |
| 16 yr old Brenda's parents are political conservatives, while she identifies more with liberal political views. When asked her political orientation, brenda seems uncertain and does not respond. Brenda is dealing with the ____ crisis | identity vs role confusion |
| Elementary school teachers from China would likely employ a(n) style of teaching | Authoritarian |
Created by:
soroyasasakia