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Chapter 8 Flashcards
Blood and Lymphatic System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Blood systems | transport O2, nutrients and hormones; carries wastes and CO2 from the cells |
| Lymphatic systems | protects the body by clearing foreign bodies; supports immune response; maintains internal fluid environment and carries fat away from digestive organs |
| blast/o | germ or bug |
| chrom/o & chromat/o | color |
| chyl/o | juice |
| morph/o | form |
| myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord |
| reticul/o | a net |
| plasma | liquid portion of blood and nymph; has water, proteins and cellular components |
| serum | what remain after clotting |
| granulocytes | a group of leukocytes that have granules in their cytoplasm; neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils |
| neutrophils/ polymorphonuclear leukocyte | granular; fight infection by swallowing bacteria |
| basophil | named for dark stain on granules; brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues; elevates allergic reactions |
| eosinophils | rose colored granules; fight substances related to parasitic infection that have been flagged for destruction by your immune system. Regulating inflammation |
| monocyte | agranulocyte; performs phagocytosis |
| lymphocyte | active in the process of immunity; B cells, T cells and natural killer cells |
| thymus | primary gland of the lymphatic system; superior to the heart; produces T lymphocytes |
| spleen | filters out aging blood cells, cell debris and provides an environment for immune activation |
| lacteals | specialized vessels in the small intestine that absorbs fat into the bloodtsream |
| chyle | white or pale yellow substance in lymph that contains fatty substances absorbed by the lacteals |
| lymph ducts | carries lymph from lymph nodes to veins; right lymphatic and thoracic |
| active immunity | long-lasting immunity that results from stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies; naturally vs. artificially |
| passive immunity | short term immunity; naturally placenta to fetus or artificially by injecting serum containing antibodies |
| microcytosis | presence of small red blood cells |
| macrocytosis | big red blood cells |
| anisocytosis | presence of red blood cells of unequal size |
| poikilocytosis | presence of large, irregularly shaped RBCs |
| reticulocytosis | immature erythrocytes in the blood |
| erythropenia | reduced number of RBCs |
| lymphcytopenia | reduced number of lymphocytes |
| neutropenia | decreased number of neutrophils |
| pancytopenia | reduced number of cellular components in the blood |
| thrombocytopenia | decreased number of platelets in the blood |
| lymphadenopathy | enlarged (disease) lymph nodes |
| splenomegaly | big spleen |
| AIDS | caused by HIV; renders immune cells ineffective |
| anemia | diminished ability to carry oxygen |
| aplastic anemia | failure of bone marrow to produce RBCs |
| iron deficiency anemia | lack of iron in blood; affects production of hemoglobin |
| pernicious anemia | inadequate supply of B12, causing RBCs become large, varied in shape and reduced in number |
| erythroblastosis fetalis | a disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus with Rh-positive blood and a mother with Rh-negative blood, causing RBC destruction in the fetus. Requires blood transfusion |
| Rh factor | antigen on surface of RBCs; derived from Rhesus monkey |
| hemochromatosis | excessive build up of iron deposits in the body |
| leukemia | cancerous disease of blood forming organs, abnormal leukocytes in blood and bone marrow |
| myelodysplasia | disorder w/i bone marrow characterized by proliferation of abnormal stem cells |
| lymphoma | neoplastic disorder of lymph tissue; usually malignant |
| polycythemia | increased number of RBCs and Hgb |
| phlebotomy/venomtomy | incision into or puncture of a vein to withdraw blood for testing |
| BMP | tests for Ca, CO2, Cl, creatinine, glucose, K+, Na+, and blood urea nitrogen |
| CMP | in addition to BMP, tests for albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, protein, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase |
| CD4 cell count | used to monitor course of HIV; normal range is 600-1500 in a given volume of blood |
| partial thromboplastin time | test to determine coagulation defects |
| prothrombin time | test to measure activity of prothrombin in the blood |
| hematocrit | percentage of packed RBCs in a given volume of blood |
Created by:
victoriaxelaine
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