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Chem Test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pure Substance | Matter that cannot be separated by physical means |
| Mixture | Contains more than 1 kind of matter that can be separated by physical means |
| Elements | One type of atom |
| Compounds | Substance that contains more than one type of atom |
| Atom | Smallest possible particle of an element |
| Molecule | Smallest particle of the compound that retains the properties of the compound |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | Composition is not uniform |
| Homogeneous Mixture | Composition is uniform |
| What is a synonym for a homogeneous mixture? | Solution |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | In a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed |
| Law of Definite Proportions | A given compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements my mass |
| Law of Multiple Proportions | When 2 elements form multiple compounds the ratios of elemental masses can always be reduced to small whole numbers |
| Solids | Solids have definite shape, definite volume, mass, and take up space |
| Particles in Solids | Are packed tightly together, have very little energy, vibrate in place |
| Liquids | Liquids take the shape of their container, have definite volume, have mass, and take up space |
| Particles in Liquids | Are loosely packed, have medium energy levels, flow around each other |
| Gases | Spread out to fill the entire space given, do not have definite volume, have mass, take up space |
| Particles in Gases | Move freely, have lots of energy |
| Endothermic | Gain energy |
| Exothermic | Lose energy |
| Chemical Property | Any ability to produce a change in the identity of matter |
| Chemical Changes | Occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances |
| What are some chemical properties? | Flammability, reactivity, corrosive |
| What are some chemical changes? | Burning, corroding, molding, rusting, decaying, digesting |
| Physical Property | A property that can be easily observed without changing the identity of the substance |
| What are some physical properties? | Solubility, conductivity, malleability, melting, freezing, density |
| Physical Change | A change in appearance, without changing the identity of the material |
| What are some physical changes? | Sublimation, magnetizing, freezing, dissolving, trimming |
| Accuracy | How close a single measurement comes to the actual dimension or true value of what is being measured |
| Precision | How close several measurements are to the same value |
| How do you round to the correct value for addition or subtraction? | Look for the least number of decimal places in the original equation |
| How do you round to the correct value for multiplication or division? | Look for the least number of significant figures in the original equation |
| Metric Unit Prefixes | Tera, giga, mega, kilo, hecto, deca, deci, centi, milli, micro, nano, pico |
| Density Formula | Density = Mass / Volume |
| Kelvin to Celsius | K = C + 273 |
| Celsius to Kelvin | C = K - 273 |
| Sig Fig Rule 1/5 | Every nonzero number is significant |
| Sig Fig Rule 2/5 | Zeros in front of any numbers are not significant |
| Sig Fig Rule 3/5 | Zeros in between any numbers are significant |
| Sig Fig Rule 4/5 | Zeros after any numbers are significant if there's a decimal or a line over the number |
| Sig Fig Rule 5/5 | Counted numbers and defined quantities have no sig figs |
Created by:
undercoverkookie68
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