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History Unit 2 Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Laissez-faire | policy that allowed businesses to operate under minimal regulation |
| Vertical Integration | system of consolidating firms involved in all steps of a product's manufacture |
| Horizontal Integration | system of consolidating many firms in the same business to decrease costs and increase profit |
| Cartel | association of producers of a good or service that prices and controls stocks in order to monopolize the market |
| Trust | group of separate companies that are placed under the control of single managing board in order to form a monopoly |
| Social Darwinism | belief that only the fittest should survive, allowing the most vigorous members to rise to the top |
| John D. Rockefeller | American industrialist and philanthropist who began the Standard Oil Company and dominated the oil industry with aggressive business practices |
| Pullman | American industrialist and engineer who manufactured the Pullman sleeping car and founded a compony town |
| Haymarket Riot | 1886 labor-related protest in Chicago which ended in deadly violence |
| New Immigrants | Southern and Eastern immigrants who arrived to the United States in a great wave between 1880 and 1920 |
| Americanization Movement | assimilating immigrants into American society to make them more loyal citizens and make them feel like they belong |
| Political Machine | a party organization, headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain control over area |
| Muckraker | writers who uncover and expose misconduct in government of business |
| Upton Sinclair | writer and published author who wrote muckraking pieces and became active in California politics |
| Social Gospel | reform movement that emerged in the late 19th century that sought to improve society by applying Christian principals |
| Theodore Roosevelt | President of the US who created a policy of using strong military to achieve Americas goals and always fought for the rights of his people |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | 1890 law banning any trade that restrained interstate trade or commerce |
| Progressive Movement | political movement with a goal to advance the human condition through social reform |
Created by:
maddiehubbs