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WH Greek test
World History test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nearly 75% of greece is covered in | Mountains/Islands |
| Hippocrates | Doctoral oath and medicine |
| Who cheated on his wife many times? | Zeus |
| Who helped the Ionians because Persia attacked them causing Persian war? | Athenians |
| Apollo | Sun god |
| Minoans was the? | Earliest Greek culture |
| In the Odyssey, the hero travels back and forth from Troy across the? | Aegean Sea |
| Under _______ rule, Athens found themselves in The Golden Age after The Persian War | Pericles |
| The Athenians won the battle of _________ and sent a runner to tell Athens the news of “victory” | Marathon |
| Pythagoras | a2+b2=c2 - Most famous for his Pythagorean theorem about right triangles |
| Macedonia lies north of? | Greece |
| As punishment for killing his family, ________ had to perform 12 labors | Hercules |
| Heinrich Schliemann | A German banker and archeologist that discovered Troy |
| The Minoans lived on? | Crete |
| Working together, the Greeks sank the Persian fleet at? | Salamis |
| _______________ built a large wooden horse to trick the people of Troy | Mycenaeans |
| The Greeks believed gods and goddesses lived on? | Mount Olympus |
| These people, ________, invaded Greece using iron weapons and brought on the dark age | Dorians |
| Peninsula | A piece of land surrounded by (3 sides) water |
| After the persian war, Athens formed this group of city-states | Delian League |
| Cyclops | - The early gods - Had only 1 eye |
| Those refugees who fled the invasion of the Dorians settled in? | Ionia |
| Spartans formed the? | Peloponnesian League because they felt threatened by Athens’ rise to power. |
| By helping the greeks living in Ionia, _________ started the persian wars | Athens |
| Like the Athenians we use _ _____ to try legal cases but much smaller | a jury |
| This quadrenal, ___ ________. (every 4 years) athletic event will be held in Athens in August | the Olympics |
| Archimedes | - Said “Eureka!” when he made a discovery - Mathematician and inventor - Made the lever, pulley, and screw |
| Battle of Thermopylae | 300 brave spartans led by King Leonidas held off the Persians for 3 days but died. |
| Who was raised in Greece and dreamed of ruling it | King Philip II |
| Alexander’s conquest stretched East to the? | Indus river |
| Thousands of years after the first man ran it, the __________ is still 26.2 miles long | Marathon |
| Alexandria was built by? | Alexander The Great and is located at Egypt. |
| The Parthenon | A large temple dedicated to Athena |
| The Macedonian Phalanx FORMATION | An army with long spears and shields. ( GREEKS FIGHTING STYLE) |
| Trireme | Boat |
| Mountains in Greece (protect and isolate cities Early Greece never unites with our government) | Effect: City-States wanted to rule themselves, Greece has a lot of political division. |
| Greece trades by boats because they are surrounded by water. | Greeks were great sailors |
| Not many fertile land in Greece | ● Effect: many make living from the seas- fishing, trade, and herding ect. |
| Minoans (3000-1100 BC) owned? | Minotaur |
| Word tradition | Speaking stories from memory until someone writes it down. |
| Polis | A city state in ancient Greece |
| Acropolis | A central, defensively oriented district in ancient Greek cities |
| Direct Democracy | Every single law, bill, or issue of justice is voted on by all the people. |
| Helot | A member of a social class of in ancient Sparta, they’re in between slaves and citizens. |
| Monarchy | A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a single person. (kings with the help of a council of advisors) |
| Oligarchy | A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of a small elite group |
| Tyranny | A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of an individual who has seized control, often by illegal means. |
| Democracy | A form of government in which the ruling power is in the hands of all the people. |
| Sparta | - Very strong Army - Militaristic culture - Leader of the Peloponnesian league - Women had greater rights here - Oligarchy for its government |
| Athens | - Very strong Navy - Leader of the Delian league - Children learned reading, writing, math - Merchants and citizens traded goods at the agora - Helots performed agricultural work - Society based on democratic values. |
| Zeus | King of the Gods and the god of the sky, weather, law and order, destiny and fate, and kingship. |
| Hera | The Olympian queen of the gods, and the goddess of marriage, women, the sky and the stars of heaven. (Married to Zeus) |
| Artemis | The Olympian goddess of hunting, the wilderness and wild animals. She was also a goddess of childbirth, and the protector of the girl child up to the age of marriage. (also bringer of sudden death and disease to women.) |
| Aphrodite | The Olympian goddess of love, beauty, pleasure and procreation. |
| Athena | The Olympian goddess of wisdom and good counsel, war, the defence of towns, heroic endeavour, weaving, pottery and various other crafts. |
| Alexander conquered? | The Persian Empire |
| Alexander was finally stopped when? | his troops demanded to finally stop. |
| The effect that Alexander had on Greece was that | He was responsible for spreading Greek Culture to the Middle-East and Africa. Alexandria becomes a major city and contains the worldś best library. There was new status and opportunities for women. |
| Hellenic Greece | ● Means ¨Greek¨ ● People are all mostly Greek ● People stay in Polis The perfect ¨man¨ ● Women stay at home |
| Hellenistic Greece | ● Means ¨like Greece¨ ● Multi-Cultural - MIxture of cultures (PIGE - Persia, India, Greece, Egypt) ● People travel and live in different places in the Empire ● THe ¨real” man ● WOmen given larger role in society. |
| Hellenic and Hellenistic both were? | - Consistent in discovering new philosophies and science - Both are decreasing the role of god |
| Agonmianon united forces of Greece, and made citizens pay him kingdoms in the Greek Peninsula Adopted Minoan customs fought in Trojan War Setting of Greek Myths and Homer’s epics PEGUS BELONGS TO THEM German archaeologist Heinrich Schilemann | - The Mycenaeans (1900- 1100 BC) (Indo-EUropeans from central Asia) (also said to marry native Hellenese.) |
| Move into Greece from the north Mycenaeans weakened by infighting Dorians won using iron weapons Dorlans known as the Hellenes Refugees flee to Ionia (west coast of Turkey) Ionians gradually come back and flee to Ionia Hercules belongs to them | The Dorians (Dorian period = “dark age” 1100- 800 BC) |
| -great victory over Persia - Athens becomes the leader of the Delian League - Other city-states pay tribute to Athens for protection | The Persian War |
| Golden age culture | Lasting contributions to all aspects of western culture |
| Phidias | Greatest sculptor in Greece - His Zeus at olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World |
| - considered the Father of HIstory Wrote about the Persian Wars | - Herodotus |
| - wrote accurate histories Wrote about the Peloponnesian War | - Thucydides |
| - wrote epic poems The iliad and the Odyssey - the story of the Trojan War & Odysseus' return | Homer |
| - the “father of tragedy” | Aeschylus |
| - used well-developed characters in plays like Oedipus and Antigone | Sophocles |
| - the “father of Geometry” | Euclid |
| Socrates | - Popular philosopher - He used questioning and reason to further the knowledge of those around him because "the unexamined life is not worth living" - Falsely accused and convicted of corrupting the youth |
| - student of Socrates, argued for a philosopher as king | Plato |
| - Plato’s best student -Alexander the Great's teacher who taught him Logic was? | Aristotle |
| Becoming the Great | - Crosses the Hellespont in 334 with almost 50,000 soldiers - In 331 BCE he conquered Syria and Egypt . - Seeks to reach ¨the end of the world¨ - Invades india in 326 BCE but his troops demand to finally stop In 323 BCE, |
| Alexander the Great was from? (important) | Macedonia |
| The city-state which favored democracy and a well-rounded education (important) (important) | Athens |
| The Spartans conquered their Neighbors and forced them to become? (important) (important) | Helots |
| These people are the basis for most of the Ancient Greek Myths such as the Trojan Horse. Their most famous king was Agamemnon. (important) (important) | Mycenaeans |
| The Peloponnesian War began because? (important) | Rivalries between the Greek city-states especialfly Sparta and Athens |
| A period of lawlessness and disunity followed the fall of the Roman Empire. What served as the only unifying force in Europe? (important) | Christian Church |
| What was the outcome of the Battle of Tours? (important) | Charles Martel stops the expansion of the Muslim empire into Europe |
| Who was crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor by the Pope on Christmas Day? (important) | Charles the Great |
| William the Conqueror secured his rule over England after what event? (important) | the Battle of Hastings |
| The Crusades were meant to free the city of _________ from Muslim control. (important) | Jerusalem |
| What was the major economic and social structure in medieval Europe? (important) | feudalism |
| What is the most accurate description of the basic relationships under feudalism? (important) | Monarchs granted land to local lords, who administered it and protected serfs, who farmed it. |
| Which famous French hero helped instill French nationalism during the Hundred Years' War? (important) | Joan of Arc |
| Ferdinand and Isabella united Spain by defeating who? (important) | Muslims |
| Why did England and France fight in the Hundred Years War? (important) | English kings wanted to enforce their claims on the French lands they had inherited. |
| The creation of the Magna Carta in England was prompted by what? (important) | abuses of royal power by King John |
| What Pope gave a speech encouraging the First Crusade? (important) | Urban |
| Main events that happened during the Crusades? (important) | 1. Crusaders captured Jerusalem and set up Crusader States in the area. 2. Jerusalem was retaken by Muslims and the Crusader States were defeated. 3. Crusaders sacked Constantinople and weakened the Byzantine Empire. |
| What was the Black Death of the fourteenth century? (important) | a disease that decimated the European population |
| Where was scholarly learning concentrated in medieval Europe? (important) | with Church scholars in monasteries |
| Which Crusade was the only successful one for the Christians? (important) | First Crusade |
| The most famous and respected Muslim leader, who created a peace treaty with Christians during the Crusades was: (important) | Saladin |
| The English nobility forced King John to sign the Magna Carta which? (important) | Limited the King’s power |
| The Church court used in Spain to persecute Jews and Muslims (important) | Inquisition |
| Which member of the feudal system was MOST tied to the land?(important) | Serf |
| What was the most important force in providing unity and stability throughout western Europe during the Middle Ages? (important) | Church |
| What is a primary characteristic of a feudal society? (important) | An exchange of land for services |
| Piece of land granted to a vassal from a lord? (important) | Fief |
| These groups of invaders settled in what is now England and filled the power vacuum left by the Roman Empire (important) | Angles and Saxons |
| This is the code of conduct knights were expected to obey. (important) | Chivalry |
| This group settled in what was then Gaul and set up a large empire, which was then renamed after them. (important) | Franks |
| The city that asked for help from Pope Urban II against attacks from the Muslims. (important) | Constantinople |
| Effects of the collapse of the Roman Empire? (important) | 1. Disruption of trade 2. Loss of common language 3. Downfall of cities |
| Charlemagne was important in medieval Europe because?(important) | He established a relatively unified empire in medieval Europe |
| One long-term effect of the Crusades was the? (important) | Growth of trade and towns in western Europe |
| These were communities where monks lived and dedicated their lives to God. (important) | Monasteries |
| The use of this weapon gave the English a distinct advantage in battle, especially at the Battle of Agincourt (important) | Longbow |
| This person would be given a piece of land in exchange for loyalty and military service. (important) | Vassal |
| These invaders spread to many different areas including England, France, Iceland and Greenland and even all the way to Constantinople. (important) | Vikings |
| This leader from Normandy took control of England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066. (important) | William the Conqueror |
| This was fought between England and France over control of land. (important) | Hundred Years War |
| Having beliefs or opinions that go against the Church; Joan of Arc was burned at the stake for this. (important) | Heresy |
| The Black Death was primarily spread by? (important) | Fleas on Rats |
| Which best describes the three reasons below? Escape feudal oppression Earn salvation from sins Recapture the Holy Land (important) | Reasons for Europeans to Fight in the Crusades |
| Alexandria | A major city that is the world center of culture and learning |
| What city contains the world's best library? | Alexandria |
| Crete | Island that holds Minoans |
| Minoans were known for their? | Frescoes and labyrinthian palace |
| Ionia across from? | Greece |
| The only battle lost in Persian War was? | Battle of Thermopylae |
| Who defeated the Greeks? | Alexander The Great |
Created by:
Alynna