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Chapter 22 APUSH
AP US History Chapter 22
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Oliver O. Howard | Union Civil War general given charge of the Freedmen's Bureau in 1865, with the mission of integrating the freed slaves into Southern society and politics during the second phase of the Reconstruction Era. |
| Andrew Johnson | 17th President of the United States, A Southerner form Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president.The first U.S. president to be impeached |
| Alexander Stephens | Georgia Congressman who supported the Georgia Platform in 1850 and fought against secession in 1861 but eventually became the Vice President of the Confederate States of America. |
| Charles Sumner | A leader of the Radical republicans along with Thaddeus Stevens. He was from Massachusetts and was in the senate. His two main goals were breaking the power of wealthy planters and ensuring that freedmen could vote |
| Thaddeus Stevens | Man behind the 14th Amendment, which ends slavery. Stevens and President Johnson were absolutely opposed to each other. Known as a Radical Republican |
| William Seward | Secretary of State who was responsible for purchasing Alaskan Territory from Russia. By purchasing Alaska, he expanded the territory of the country at a reasonable price. |
| Freedmen's Bureau | Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War |
| "Exodusters" | Name given to the former slaves who migrated from the South to the West following the Civil War. |
| Wade-Davis Bill 1864 | Proposed far more demanding and stringent terms for reconstruction; required 50% of the voters of a state to take the loyalty oath and permitted only non-confederates to vote for a new state constitution |
| 10 percent plan | A reconstruction plan that decreed that a state could be reintegrated into the union when 10 percent of voters in the presidential election of 1860 had taken an oath of allegiance to the United States and pledged to abide by emancipation |
| Moderate Republicans | group that viewed Reconstruction as a practical matter of restoring states into the Union and keeping the former Confederates out of government |
| Radical Republicans | After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South. |
| Black Codes | Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War |
| Sharecropping | A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 | Granted citizenship and the same rights enjoyed by white citizens to all male persons in the United States "without distinction of race or color, or previous condition of slavery or involuntary servitude." |
| Fourteenth Amendment | A constitutional amendment giving full rights of citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, except for American Indians. |
| Reconstruction Act | t divided the South into 5 military districts, each commanded by a union general and policed by Union soldiers. It also required that states wishing to be re-admitted into the Union had to ratify the 14th Amendment, |
| Fifteenth Amendment | The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. |
| Ex parte Milligan 1866 - | Supreme Court ruled that military trials of civilians were illegal unless the civil courts are inoperative or the region is under martial law. |
| "Radical" regimes | After military occupation was put in place, these emerged for Southerners who organized their governments to put their needs and rights first again. |
| Redeemers | Former slave owners , bitterest opponents of the Republican program in the South. Staged a major counterrevolution to clean up the south by taking back southern state governments. Their foundation rested on the idea of racism and white supremacy |
| Scalawags | A derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners. |
| Carpetbaggers | A northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states |
| Ku Klux Klan | A secret society created by white southerners in 1866 that used terror and violence to keep African Americans from obtaining their civil rights. |
| Force Acts | Acts passed promoting African American voting andaimed at limiting the activities of the KKK. Actions committed with the intent to influence voters, prevent them from voting, or deprive them of civil rights, including life, were made federal offenses |
| Tenure of Office Act | Forbade president from removing civil officers without senatorial consent - was to prevent Johnson from removing a radical republican from his cabinet |
| "Seward's Folly" | name given to purchase of Alaska from Russia |
Created by:
Lanemoore