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Chem101 - Unit 2

Atomic Structure

TermDefinition
Democritus thought that matter could not be divided forever- at some point, particles would be reached that were indivisible ("atomos")
Law of Conservation of Mass mass is neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions
Law of Definite Proportions compounds contain the same proportion of elements regardless of the size of the sample
Law of Multiple Proportions when two or more compounds are composed of the same elements, the ratios of the masses of the second element that combines with a fixed mass of the first element is a small whole number
John Dalton developed an atomic theory very much like modern atomic theory
Dalton's Atomic Theory all matter is composed of tiny, invisible particles (atoms)
Dalton's Atomic Theory atoms of one element are identical to each other; atoms of other elements are different
Dalton's Atomic Theory atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or further divided
Dalton's Atomic Theory atoms of different elements combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form chemical compounds
Dalton's Atomic Theory in chemical reactions, atoms are combined, separated, or rearranged
J.J. Thompson discovered electrons
J.J. Thompson discovered electrons via a beam of particles
Plem Pudding Model an atomic model J.J. Thompson came up with
James Chadwick discovered neutrons
Ernest Rutherford discovered protons using alpha particles
Ernest Rutherford's experiment 1/8000 of the alpha particles were deflected back toward the target
Ernest Rutherford discovered the nucleus
Ernest Rutherford discovered that the atom is mostly empty space
Modern Atomic Theory atoms of one element are similar to each other
Modern Atomic Theory atoms can be further divided: protons. neutrons, and electrons
Niels Bohr theorized that electrons moved around the nucleus
Electron Cloud Model electrons move around the nucleus in energy levels- their distribution is more like a cloud
Electron Cloud Model an electron's position can only be given in terms of probability
Created by: sbalaji2896
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