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Stack #3628532
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| To split or break apart; release | --lysis |
| To make something | --synthesis |
| Many monomers hooked together make a | Polymer |
| Means to lose or remove water; to take water away | Dehydration |
| Means water (as in gaining water) | hydro-- |
| Building block or single unit of a polymer is a | monomer |
| Hydrolysis is | adding water into a molecule |
| Dehydration is | Removing water from a molecule |
| The joining of two monomers causes a water molecule to be lost. The making of the polymer is called | dehydration synthesis |
| The splitting apart of two organic molecules in a polymer and adding back the water parts to make individual monomers again is called | Hydrolysis |
| The biomolecules that serve as a source of energy for us are commonly known as | Carbohydrates |
| In what organ of your body would the splitting apart (hydrolysis) of these be occurring at a high rate right now? | stomach and small organ |
| How many water molecules are lost when you join 114 amino acids together? | 113 |
| During dehydration synthesis if 42 water molecules are made how many monosaccharides were joined together to make the complex carbohydrate? | 43 |
| Sucrose, Glucose, and Fructose are examples of sugars. And are also part of what molecule? | Carbohydrate |
| Carbohydrates are also known as monosaccharides. This can also be sugars. | Glucose, Galactose, Fructose (OSE) |
| Lipids are made from fat. Examples of lipids are... | Glycerol, fatty acids, and triglycerides (Oil, fat, butter) |
| Proteins (also known as amino acids) | Alanine, cysteine, and amine group |
| Nucleic acids (Nucleotides) | Can have a phosphate group |
| Define Reactent and Product | Changing/gaining/losing molecules to create a new product. |
| Carbohydrates Monomer | Monosacchorites |
| Carbohydrates Polymer | Polysaccharites |
| Carbohydrates general structure | CHO (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen) |
| Carbohydrates examples | Pasta, bread, rice |
| Lipids monomer | no true monomer |
| Lipids polymer | no true monomer |
| Lipids general structure | CHO (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen) |
| Lipids examples | fat, oil, butter |
| Protiens monomer | amino acids |
| Proteins polymer | polypeptides |
| Proteins general structure | CHON(S) (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Sulfar) |
| Protein examples | meat, beans |
| Nucleic acid monomer | nucleotides |
| Nucleic acid polymer | polynucleotides |
| Nucleic acid general structure | CHON(P) (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus) |
| Nucleic Acid funtions | DNA & RNA, Transport genes |
| Protein functions | Build muscle/strength, muscle tissue, Immune system, Enzymes |
| Lipids funtions | Long term energy, insulation, make up cell membrane |
| Carbohydrates funtions | short term energy, cellulose |
| Why is water a polar molecule? | The oxygen has a negative charge and the hydrgogen have a positive charge |
| What type of chemical bonds give water its exceptional properties? | Hydrogen bonds |
| What is it called when water molecules stick to another surface, such as xylem? | Adhesion |
| What property of water makes it possible for water striders to skate above water? | Cohesion |
| Cohesion definition | the sticking together of particles of the same substance. |
| Adhesion definition | the sticking together of particles of different substances. |
| What property describes a liquid's ability to resist external force? | Surface tension |
| Why is water resistant to changing temperatures | It has a high specific heat |
| How does water's specific heat affect the environment? | It stabilizes temperatures |
| What do animals and plants rely on to cool them in warm temperatures? | Evaporation cooling |
| The hydrogen and oxygen atoms are held together by _____ bonds | hydrogen |
| The electrons are not shared equally creating a _____ molecule | polar |
| Enzymes are | the biological molecule (protiens) that act as catalysts in a living organism |
| Cataylst are | a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction by reducing the amount of activation energy |
| Subtrates are | the piece that connect to an enzyme |
| 4 steps in the process of an enzyme working | 1. The enzyme and substrate are in the same area 2. The enzyme grabs onto the substrate with a special area called the active site 3. A process called catalysis happens. Catalysis is when the substrate is changed 4. The enzyme lets go. |
| What happens when a enzyme and substrate let go of each other? | The enzyme returns to normal, ready to do another reaction. The substrate is no longer the same. The substrate is now called the product. |
| An enzyme will not work if its ________ is changed | enviornment |
| Protiens (including enzymes) will change shape as _____________ is changed | temperature |
| Ph is a measure of how acidic or basic something is. | the acidity can affect the enzymes |
| Inhibitors | are molecules that either slow down or stop the activity of an enzyme. |
| Polar molecules are also | hydrophilic |
| hydrophilic definition | likes water |
| hydrophobic definition | doesn't like water |
| Nonpolar molecules are also | hydrophobic |
| Polar molecules have electrons that are _______ distributed | unequally |
| Nonpolar molecules have electrons that are ________ distributed | equally |
| Negative ions are | hydrophilic |
| Positive ions are | hydrophilic |
| Like disolves like means... | nonpolar dissolves nonpolar or polar dissolves polar |
| Polar substances can interact with ______ and ________ substances | positive;negaitve |
| polar substances CANNOT interact with __________ substances | nonpolar |
| Water cannot mix with ________, but it can interact with___________ and/or hydrophilic/polar substances | oil;water |
| Nonpolar substances can interact with_________ substances | nonpolar |
| Nonpolar substances cannot interact with ________ substances | polar |
| Oil cannot mix with __________, but it can interact with _______ | water;oil |
| A peptide bond is | A covalent bond between two amino acids |
| Levels of protien strutures. | Primary, secondary, tertiary, Quaternary |
| Primary levelss have a | peptide bond |
| Secondary level has | Peptide bonds & hydrogen bonds |
| Tertiary levels have | Peptide bonds, hydrogen bonds, R-Group Interactions, and Di sulfide Bridges |
| Quaternary level has | Peptide bonds, hydrogen bonds, R-Group Interactions, and Di sulfide Bridges |
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