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AP Gov Vocab 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| approval ratings | the percentage of survey respondents who say that they approve or strongly approve of the way the president is doing his job |
| benchmark polling | initial poll on a candidate and issues on which campaign strategy is based and aganist which later polls are compared |
| entrance polls | public opinion surveys taken before voters cast their ballots |
| focus groups | a small group of voters chosen by a political campaign for their demographic similarities who are brought together to gauge how the group they represent feels about the candidate |
| public opinion polls | interviews or surveys with samples of citizens that are used to estimate the feelings and beliefs of the entire population |
| push polling | a polling technique in which the questions are designed to shape the respondent's opinion |
| random digit dialing | technique used by pollsters to place telephone calls randomly to both listed and unlisted numbers when conducting survey |
| random sample | a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion |
| representative sample | group of people meant to represent the large group in question |
| sampling error(margin error) | polling error that arises based on the small size of the sample |
| sampling techniques | the method used to select people from the population |
| tracking polls | continuous surveys that enable a campaign or news organization to chart a candidate's daily rise or fall in support |
| weighting/stratification | making sure demographic groups are properly represented in a sample |
| bandwagon effect | when people join a cause because it seems popular or support a candidate who is leading in the polls |
| bradely effect | the difference between the poll result and an election result in which voters gave a socially desirable poll response rather than a true response that might be perceived as racist |
| non-response bias | bias resulting when indiviuals selected to be in a survey either cannot be contacted or refuse to answer survey questions |
| social desirability bias | the tendency for people to say what they believe is appropriate or acceptable |
| libertarian | one who believes in limited government interference in personal and economic liberties |
| moderate | person who views are between conservative and liberal and may include some of both ideologies |
| populist | a supporter of the rights and power of the people |
| progressive | a belief that personal freedom and solving social problems are more important than religion |
| saliency | the degree to which an issue is important to a particular indiviual or group |
| valence issue | an issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions |
| wedge issues | a controversial issue that one party uses to split the voters in the other party |
| agenda | plan of action; purpose |
| majoritarian | system of policy making in which those with a numerical majority hold authority |
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