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Physics test 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| pico (p) | 10^-12 |
| nano (n) | 10^-9 |
| micro (u) | 10^-6 |
| milli (m) | 10^-3 |
| centi (c) | 10^-2 |
| kilo (K) | 10^3 |
| mega (M) | 10^6 |
| giga (G) | 10^9 |
| percent uncertainty | (uncertainty/measured value)*100 |
| percent error | ((accepted-measured)/accepted)*100 |
| inertial reference frame | a reference frame moving at a constant velocity (no acceleration) |
| position | typically denoted by a coordinate, given at an instant in time |
| displacement | the difference of the final and initial positions (delta x) |
| average speed | distance/delta time |
| average velocity | a vector quantity defined by v= delta x/delta t (not necessarily equal to average speed) |
| velocity | the slope of a position versus time graph |
| average acceleration | a = delta v/delta t |
| acceleration | the slope of a velocity versus time graph |
| scalar quantity | can be given by a single number |
| vector quantity | has both magnitude and direction |
| magnitude | positive scalar quantity that gives the length/size of a vector |
| force | a push or pull on an object |
| net force | the vector sum of all forces acting on an object |
| equilibrium | when a system has no acceleration and no net force is acting upon the system |
| mass | a measure of how much inertia an object has |
| kilogram | the SI unit for mass |
| Newton | the SI unit for force |
| Newton's First Law | every object continues in its state of rest, or of uniform velocity in a straight line, as long as no net force acts on it |
| Newton's Second Law | total force = mass*acceleration |
| Newton's Third Law | if object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts a force of the same magnitude on object A but in the opposite direction |
| weight | the force on an object due to gravity Fg = mg |
| normal force | the force a surface exerts on an object, perpendicular to the surface the magnitude is always equal to the force being applied perpendicular to the surface, but not always equal to the weight |
| kinetic friction | Ffr = uk*Fn parallel to the surface and opposite the direction of motion |
| static friction | involves no motion equal in magnitude and in the opposite direction as the force being applied (parallel) Ffr is less than or equal to us*Fn |
| inclined ramp problems | x-axis parallel to incline, y-axis perpindicular, break vectors into components, *flip trig functions* |
Created by:
imr36093
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