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American History ch2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? | Portugal |
| Which country established the first colonies in the Americas? | Spain |
| Why did the authors of probanzas de méritos choose to write in the way that they did? | The document was written this way to gain royal patronage. |
| What should we consider when we interpret these documents today? | We must consider the context and the culture of the conquistadors |
| Where did the Protestant Reformation begin? | Northern Europe |
| What was the chief goal of the Puritans? | to eliminate any traces of Catholicism from the Church of England |
| Where did Christopher Columbus first land? | the Bahamas |
| What reforms to the Catholic Church did Martin Luther and John Calvin call for? | The selling of indulgences, taxation of mass, called for the publication of bibles for the public |
| Why didn't England make stronger attempts to colonize the New World before the late sixteenth to early seventeenth century? | English attention was turned to internal struggles and the encroaching Catholic menace to Scotland and Ireland |
| What was the main goal of the French in colonizing the Americas? | trading, especially for furs |
| What were some of the main differences among the non-Spanish colonies? | The French had no beef with the Indians, the Dutch wanted to gain trading outposts, the English wanted to establish a colony. The Spanish wanted God, Glory, and Gold |
| How could Spaniards obtain encomiendas? | by serving the Spanish crown |
| Which of the following best describes the Columbian Exchange? | an exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas |
| Why did diseases like smallpox affect Indians so badly? | Indians had no immunity to European diseases. |
| What did Columbus' letter of 1493 (Probanza de merito) claim? | The New World was full of unique foliage, birds, seaports, timid people and great mineral wealth |