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Chemistry Unit 1
Unit 1: Matter & Measurement
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | The study of the structure and properties of matter. |
| Matter | Anything that has mass, takes up space, exhibits inertia(motion), and has energy. |
| Solid | Definite volume and shape. |
| Liquid | Definite volume; shape takes on shape of container. |
| Gas | Volume depends on pressure; expands to take on shape of container. |
| Plasma | High energy gaseous system. |
| Mass | Measure of the amount of matter in a substance. |
| Weight | Measure of Earth's gravitational force on matter. |
| Law of Conservation of Matter | Matter cannot be created or destroyed by ordinary chemical or physical means. |
| Qualitative | Observing the quality of a substance. |
| Quantitative | Measuring the quantity of a substance. |
| Scientific Notation | A way of expressing a very large number or very small number. |
| Factor Label (dimensional analysis) | A technique used to convert between units. |
| Measurement | A comparison to a standard. |
| Standard | Something to which everyone agrees. |
| SI System (International System) | 1960 unification and simplification of the metric system. |
| Volume | Cubic length (amount of space an object takes up). |
| Density | Mass per unit volume. |
| Accuracy | How closely individual measurements agree with the correct or "true" value. |
| Precision | How closely individual measurements agree with one another. |
| Percent Error | A way of quantitatively expressing the accuracy of an experimental result |
| Percent Error Formula | % Error = measured - true / true x 100 |
| Mass–Energy Equivalence | E = mc² |
| Milli (m) | 1/1000th |
| Centi (c) | 1/100th |
| Kilo (k) | 1000 |
| If the density of copper is 9.92 g/mL, what is the volume of a 155 gram sample? | 17.4mL |
| Mass-Energy Equivalence: 0.000000001 kg and 300,000,000 | 90,000,000 |
| This 1-bedroom, 1-bath flat in Aberdeen, Scotland lists for £96,000. If I have €120,000 in the bank, do I have enough to purchase with cash? (write Yes or No) £ 1.00 = $1.18 € 1.00 = $1.33 | Yes |
| Scientific Notation: 1,000,000,000 | 1 x 10^9 |
| Scientific Notation: 0.000578 | 5.78 x 10^-4 |
| Scientific Notation: 850,000 | 8.5 x 10^5 |
| Scientific Notation: 0.00000035 | 3.5 x 10^-7 |
| A solid gold coin's density is determined using an electronic balance and the water displacement method. The experimentally- determined density of the coin was 19.8 g/mL. Gold has an established density of 19.3 g/mL. Calculate the percent error. | 3% |
| Significant Figures | Expresses how reliable a measurement is. The last digit in a measurement value is always estimated. |
| Significant Figures: 35.6 + 56.27 | 91.9 |
| Significant Figures: 23.4 x 14 | 330 |
| Significant Figures: How many sig figs are in 7890.? | 4 |
Created by:
sara!
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