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Unit 1 AP gov
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| system of government that divides the power between the national and state governments. | Federalism |
| n agreement between individuals to give up certain rights in order to enjoy the benefits of society. | social contract |
| Locke was arguing that under the natural law people were born free and equal | What is Locke arguing for? |
| the social contract argues that “man was born free, and he is everywhere” | Rousseau’s social contract argues for what? |
| the people as the ultimate ruling authority and government of officials and judicial branches | popular sovereignty |
| Participatory, Pluarist, and Elitet Demcracy | What are the three kinds of Representative Democracies? |
| This form of democracy depends on direct participation of many people in society. In participatory democracy, people vote directly for laws and other matters that affect them instead of voting for people to represent their interests | Participatory Democracy |
| Nongovernmental groups organize to try to exert influence on political decision-making. | Pluralist Democracy |
| Elected representatives make decisions and act as trustees for the people who elected them. Elite democracy reconiges an inequity in the spread of power among the populace and that the elites (people with resources and influence dominate). | Elite democracy |
| A series of statements that defined the initial national government and redefined the former colonies as states. | Explain the Articles of Confederation: |
| uprising led by Daniel Shays in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay the taxes; caused many to criticize the Articles of Confederation and admit the weak central government was not working | Shays' Rebellion, (brought down the Articles of Confederation) |
| called for representation of each state in Congress in proportion to that state's population | Virginia Plan |
| Congress has two houses which include The House of Representatives and Senate | bicameral or two-house |
| the distinct responsibility and limits of each branch to keep any one branch from becoming too powerful. | separation of powers: |
| It assured that states would retain sovereignty; it proposed that the national legislature would have only limited powers and it included no provision for national courts. | New Jersey Plan |
| Created a two-house Congress composed of a House of Representatives and a Senate | Connecticut (aka Great) Compromise |
| a committee made up of one delegate from each states represented at the convention | Grand Committee |
| agreement that enslaved persons would count as three-fifths of other persons in determining representation in Congress | Three-fifths Compromise |
| a sort of mission statement, that begins with “we the people” and outlines the purposes of the new government | Preamble |
| basic principle that government and those who govern must obey the law | constitutionalism / rule of law |
| supporters of the ratification of the Constitution and a strong central government | Federalists |
| opposed the ratification of the Constitution because it gave more power to the federal government and less to the states, and because it did not ensure individual rights | Anti-federalists |
| the powers to tax, borrow money, raise an army, create a postal system, address piracy on the seas, and define the immigration and naturalization process and a few others. | Enumerated powers |
| empowers the Congress to “regulate commerce with other nations, and among the several states” | Commerce clause |
| the provision states, “the congress shall have power to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers. | Necessary and proper clause |
| to grant implicit powers. The framers included this to assure the Congress some flexibility in legislating. | Elastic clause |
| Requires states to be open about their laws and encourages states to respect one another’s laws. It also requires that citizens of each state should be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens of each state. | Full faith and credit clause |
| to unite the nation under stronger national policy | National supremacy |
| Makes certain that all states must adhere to the Constitution. | Supremacy clause |
| argues that liberty is safest in a large republic because many factions exist; This diversity makes tyranny by the majority more difficult since ruling coalitions will always be unstable | Federalist #10 |
| argues that separation of powers within the national government is the best way to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of one person or a single group | Federalist #51 |
| a group, usually a small part of a larger group, united around some cause; refers to political parties and special interests or interest groups | faction |
| No religious test to hold federal office Right to jury trials in criminal cases | List the 5 rights in the original Constitution |
| Neither Congress nor the states can pass a bill of attainder Neither Congress nor states can pass ex post facto laws Congress cannot suspend habeas corpus expect in wartime | List the 5 rights in the original Constitution |
| a collection of sovereign states gathered for the national interest, national needs, and national defense | representative republic |
| The legislature makes the law, the executive branch enforces the law, and the judicial branch interprets the law | All three branches can do what? |
| Congress can reverse the veto with a two-thirds override, requiring a two-thirds supermajority vote in each house | Explain the process of the two-thirds override |
| Courts can act of the legislature unconstitutional when deciding on a case | Judicial Review |
| Five of the nine justices | How many justices must agree to inform a majority opinion? |
| Members who agree with the majority opinion but who have differing or additional reasons for reaching that conclusion | What is a concurring opinion? |
| Justices who disagree with majority opinion | What is a dissenting opinion? |
Created by:
brielleseth