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Unit 3: Bonding
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Electron configuration | the arrangement of electrons in an atom |
Covalent bond | a bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
ionic bond | a force that attracts electrons from one atom to another, which transforms a neutral atom into an ion |
ion | an atom, radical, or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons and has a negative or positive charge |
Lewis dot structure (electron-dot notation) | a structure formula in which electrons are represented by dots; dot pairs or dashes between two atomic symbols represent pairs in covalent bonds |
Octet rule | an atom will be most stable when surrounded by 8 electrons in the valence shell (outer most energy level) |
metallic bond | a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons around them |
conductivity | Material that is able to conduct electricity |
polar | describes a molecule in which the positive and negative charges are separated |
nonpolar | a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are equally attracted to both bonded atoms |
bent | 2 atoms bonded to central atom 1 lone pairs of electrons |
tetrahedral | 4 atoms bonded to central atom 0 lone pairs of electrons |
trigonal planar | 3 atoms bonded to central atom 0 lone pairs of electrons |
linar | 2 atoms bonded to central atom 0 lone pairs of electrons |
valence electrons | the electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atom's chemical properties |
formula unit | the simplest collection of atoms from which an ionic compound's formula can be written |
polyatomic ion | an ion made of two or more atoms |
VSEPR theory | a theory that predicts some molecular shapes based on the idea that pairs of valence electrons surrounding an atom repel each other |