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pain management
med surge 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| triggers a stress response and affects the pulmonary, cardiovascular, GI, endocrine, and immune system | acute pain |
| generally longer than 3 months, resulting in anger, depression, fatigue, and disability | chronic pain |
| pain that radiates to other parts of the body | referred pain |
| pain assessment parameters | intensity, timing, location, quality, aggravating or alleviating factors, pain behaviors |
| true or false: pain is subjective | true |
| sudden increase in pain despite the administration of pain relieving medications | breakthrough pain |
| the need for increasing dosages of opioids to achieve the same therapeutic affect, an expected and normal consequence of longer term opioid use | tolerance |
| behavioral pattern of substance use characterized by compulsion to take the substance primarily to experience its psychological affects. | addiction |
| heightened nervous system response after exposure to a noxious stimulus for too long or too many times | sensitization |
| used to manage post operative pain as well as persistent pain in hospitals and home settings allowing patients to control the administration of their own medication within predetermined safety limits | patient controlled analgesia (PCA) |
| occurs when a person responds to the medication or other treatment because of an expectation that the treatment will work rather than because it actually does | placebo affect |
| non-pharmacological interventions to pain | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, distraction, thermal therapies, relaxation, guided imagery, hypnosis, music therapy, acupuncture, massage, |