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SOC 220 week 3
Chapter 4: Society and Social Interaction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe the differences between preindustrial, industrial, and postindustrial societies: | Preindustrial societies rely on the environment to survive, industrial societies factory farmed material good, and postindustrial societies are based on the production of information and services. |
| What role did the environment play on preindustrial societies? | The environment served as an inventory of sorts for different types of preindustrial societies. |
| How did technology impact societal development? | Technology made it easier for people to get their work done, leaving more time for them to parlay socially into the activities that they enjoyed. Technology also impacted societal development by spawning capitalism |
| Describe Durkheim's functionalist view of society: | Durkheim believed that society shared a collective conscience that held them together, and as societies grew more complex the social order made the transition from mechanical to organic solidarity, creating many anomies |
| Describe the conflict theorist's view of society: | A conflict theorist's view of society would be that it is unequal, the people within in are divided in one way or another by race, class, religion, etc. |
| What are Marx's concepts of class and alienation? | Marx defined class as consisting of two groups, the owners (bourgeoisie) and the laborers (proletariat). Alienation refers to the condition in which an individual is isolated from their society, work, or the sense of self. |
| Describe how symbolic interactionists understand society: | The Symbolic Interactionists understand society as a combination of industrialization and rationalism, creating an iron cage in which the individual is trapped by institutions and bureaucracy. |
| Describe how the sociological concept of reality acts as a social construct: | People's behavior can be determined by their subjective view of reality rather than by objective reality, a person's reality is what they believe it to be. |
| Define roles and describe their places in people's daily interactions: | Roles are patterns of behavior that we recognize in each other that are representative of a person's social status (teacher, parent, student). We play certain role's throughout the day in our interactions with ourselves and others. |
| How do individuals present themselves and perceive themselves in a social context? | Through role performance, or dramaturgy, a person acts out different roles for different circumstances. We perceive ourselves based our image on what what we think other people see in us "looking-glass self" |
| Who were the 3 Sociologists that developed different theoretical approaches to help us understand the way societies function? | 1. Emile Durkheim 2. Karl Marx 3. Max Weber |
| What are the 4 types of alienation that Marx defined? | 1. Alienation from the product of one's labor 2. Alienation from the process of one's labor 3. Alienation from others 4. Alienation from self |
| Define Marx's concept of false consciousness: | False consciousness is a condition where a person's beliefs, morals or motivations are not of their own, but controlled by another source such as parents, government, supervisors, etc. |
| Define Marx's concept of class consciousness: | A type of false consciousness that acknowledges one's place in the world, and working together with those within the place in the world or class, to better improve the class' standings in life. |
| Define a modern society centered on the concept of Rationalism: | A rational society is one build around logic and efficiency rather than morality or tradition, which can be a much colder world with less variety |
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Awolfgram24