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In order for a substance to be considered a chemical compound it must ______.
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An ionic bond is formed when ______.
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Unit 1 Chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In order for a substance to be considered a chemical compound it must ______. | Contain at least two different elements |
| An ionic bond is formed when ______. | An anion meets a cation |
| Ionization of a sodium atom to produce Na+ is an example of ______. | Oxidation |
| What chemical bond is the weakest and most temporary? | Hydrogen bonds |
| Substance dissolving freely in water is ______. | Hydrophillic |
| -COOH is a ______ group. | Carboxyl |
| The ONLY polysaccharide synthesized in the human body is ________. | Glycogen |
| Arrangement of a polypeptide into a fibrous or globular shape is called its ________. | Tertiary structure |
| One function of carbohydrates is to ________. | Store energy |
| A lipid is most distinguishable from a carbohydrate by its _______. | Lower ratio of oxygen to hydrogen |
| An atom giving up electrons to have a positive charge is called an _______. | Cation |
| Dietary antioxidants neutralize ______ which makes them important. | Free radicals |
| A _______ increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed by it. | Catalyst |
| A division of metabolism that is formed by all the synthesis reactions in the body. | Anabolism |
| Two organic molecules joining into a larger one and producing water as a by-product is a _______ reaction. | Dehydration synthesis |
| The suffix _______ denotes a sugar. | -ose |
| The suffix ______ denotes an enzyme. | -ase |
| The amphipathic lipids of cell membranes are called _______. | Phospholipids |
| ________ is derived from ATP and widely employed as a "second messenger" in cellular signaling. | Cyclic adenosine monophosphate |
| A metabolic pathway that is employed when oxygen is too limited to meet a cell's ATP demand. | Anaerobic fermentation |
| The substance that acts upon and gets changed by an enzyme is the enzyme's _______. | Substrate |
| The monomers of a polysaccharide are ______. | Monosaccharides (simple sugars) |
| Two molecules with the same atoms arranged in a different order are called ______. | Isomers |
| Peptide bonds join _______ together. | Amino acids |
| Enzymes are/not consumed by the reactions they catalyze. | Not |
| The activity of the enzyme is increased when temperatures rise. T/F | False |
| The study of the molecules and chemical reactions that occur in living cells. | Biochemistry |
| Isotopes differ from one another by containing different numbers of _______. | Neutrons |
| An _________ is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons. | Ion |
| A pure chemical substance that consists of one type of atom is called an _______ | Element |
| ______ are chemical particles composed of two or more atoms united by a chemical bond. | Molecules |
| A ______ consists of substances that are physically blended but not chemically bound. | Mixture |
| A _______ is the product of when a sodium atom loses an electron. | Sodium ion |
| This chemical binds protons from solution, accepts protons. | Base |
| This chemical releases protons into solution, gives protons. | Acid |
| The number of molecules of a chemical that is equal to its molecular weight in grams is a ______. | Molarity |
| Molarity of a solution is measured by ______. | Moles/Liter |
| _______ are groups of atoms that are added to carbon backbones and that give organic molecules a variety of unique properties. | Functional groups |
| Carbohydrates, Proteins, and nucleic acids are examples of _____ because they're made up of many repeating subunits. | Polymers |
| Composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio and includes sugars, starches, glycogen, and cellulose. | Carbohydrates |
| Hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen to oxygen. | Lipids |
| The sum of all chemical reactions in the body. Can be divided in anabolism and catabolism. | Metabolism |
| What monomeric subunits make up a protein? | Amino acids |
| An _____ is a protein that functions as a biological catalyst. | Enzyme |
| Molecules of large size and high molecular weight such as a protein or starch is known as _______. | Macromolecules |
| Organic molecules are composed of a nitrogenous base, a monosaccharide, and a phosphate group. | Nucleotides |
| Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides are all examples of ______. | Carbohydrates |
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helgra07