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Unit 2 Vocab
Collecting Data for Study
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Data | is information that has been collected to represent real life situations, usually in number form. |
| population | In statistics, this is the entire group of interest from which the sample is drawn. |
| poll | the members of a group means to question them regarding a specific topic. |
| sample | This is a specified part of a population, intended to represent the population as a whole. |
| Random Sampling | involves choosing representatives by rolling a die, for instance. |
| Stratified Sampling | involves choosing a proportional number of representatives from each of a number of subgroups of the initial population. |
| Subgroups | are another name for stratum. |
| Cluster Sampling | involves choosing representatives which are close to other representatives based on a particular factor such as location, age, color, size, etc. |
| Multi-Stage Sampling | involves narrowing down a field of representatives by successively applying multiple different sampling methods. |
| simple random sample | the process of assigning a number to each member of the population under study, and then using a random number generator to pick the samples. |
| stratum | a single category or sub-population out of a larger population. |
| control group | set of members deliberately kept as separate as possible from a particular study so as to provide an example of how the members should appear if unchanged. |
| estimate | find an approximate answer that is reasonable or makes sense given the problem. |
| representative sample | a smaller number of members of a population whose responses to events model those of the entire population. |
| bias | refers to a desire to achieve a specific result from a particular study, regardless of the data. |
| destructive study | requires that the sample be ruined for its intended use by the study itself. One example is in the tests to see if cars are safe. |
| outlier | an observation that lies an abnormal distance from other values in a random sample from a population. |
| bell-curve | normal distribution is often referred to this. |
| arithmetic mean | commonly known as the average in statistics. |
| standard deviation | A measure of spread of a data set. The larger the standard deviation, the more spread out the data is. |
| demographic distribution | describes the relative numbers of different types of members of a sample or group. |
| categorical variable | a variable that can take on one of a limited, and usually fixed, number of possible values |
| quantitative variables | are any variables where the data represent amounts |
| graphs | visual display for data. (Many picto, line, bar, circle, dot, etc) |
| frequency | in statistics, this is the number of times a piece of data shows up. |
| two-way frequency table | a way to display frequencies or relative frequencies for two categorical variables |
| marginal distribution | the probability distribution of the variables contained in the subset. |
| conditional distribution | distribution of values for one variable that exists when you specify the values of other variables |
Created by:
MrsJLohr
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