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Unit 2:
Atomic Structure/ periodic table
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atomic emission spectrum | The variety of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation (light) seen through a spectroscope that are emitted by electrons as they transition from higher to lower energy levels; unique for each element. |
| atomic radius | one- half of the distance between the center of identical atoms that are not bonded together |
| electromagnetic spectrum | all of the frequencies or wavelength of electromagnetic radiation |
| electronegativity | A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons |
| frequency | number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time; also the number of waves produced in a given amount of time |
| hyphen notation | A way of designing the isotopes of an element using its name (or symbol), a hyphen, and the mass number (example: uranium-238) |
| ionic radius | A measure of the size of an ion of an element in a crystal |
| ionization energy | the energy required to remove an electron from an atom or ion (abbreviation, IE) |
| isotope | An atom that has the same number of protons (or same atomic number) as other atoms of the same element but that has a different number of neutrons (and thus a different atomic mass) |
| planck's constant | a constant value that relates the energy of a photon of light to its frequency |
| valence electron | an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom and that determines the atom's chemical properties |
| wavelength | the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave |
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