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Functional Groups

TermDefinition
3 types of functional groups Hydrocarbons (only carbon and hydrogen) Compounds containing oxygen Compounds containing nitrogen
Types of hydrocarbons Alkanes, Cycloalkanes, Alkenes, Cycloalkenes, Alkynes, Aromatic
Alkanes Single bonds b/w all carbons (all are sp3)
Cycloalkanes sp3 carbons form a ring
Alkenes Double bonds are present (sp2 carbons)
Cycloalkenes Double bonded in a ring
Alkynes Triple bonds are present (sp3)
Aromatic Hydrocarbons Contain a benzene ring
Compounds containing oxygen Alcohols, ethers, Aldehydes and ketone, Carboxylic acids
Alcohols Contain the hydroxyl group (-OH) as the main functional group
Ethers Contain two alkyl groups bonded to an oxygen (oxygen is in the middle)
Aldehydes and ketone Contain C=O
ketone two "R" groups bonded to the C=O
Aldehydes C=O bonded to a H and an "R"
Carboxylic Acids -COOH
Carboxylic Acid Derivatives acid chlorides, esters, amides
Acid chlorides R-COCl
esters R-COOOR'
amide R-CONH2
Compounds Containing Nitrogen Amines, Amides, Nitriles
Amines Alkylates derivative of ammonia R-N:
Amides O=C-N
Nitriles C=-N:
Created by: edenmcglothlin
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