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Ch.1&3 Definitions
Chapters 1&3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Chemistry | The science that deals with all substances and the changes they undergo |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Mass | Measure of amount of matter |
| Atom | The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element |
| Pure Substances | Elements and compounds |
| Elements | Cannot be broken down into other substances chemically |
| Mixtures | Varied composition; not pure |
| Chemical Formula | Tells us symbols of the elements in the compound and the ratio of atoms in those elements |
| Structure | A model of how the atoms are bonded together; determines its functions |
| Isomer | Same number of atoms but different structure; groups of molecules |
| Suspension | Does settle |
| Colloid | Doesn't settle; suspended in a medium |
| Precipitation | Formation of solid |
| Atomic Number | Order by numbers of protons in an atom of an element |
| Atomic Mass | Average mass of protons and neutrons; electrons not included because they're too small |
| Group | Vertical columns on the periodic table; similar properties, families |
| Period | Horizontal rows on a periodic table; same number of energy levels in electrons |
| Chemistry Branches | Inorganic, Organic, Physical, Analytical, Biochemistry |
| States of Matter | Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma |
| Phase Changes between Solid & Liquid | Freezing (Liquid->Solid), Melting (Solid->Liquid) |
| Phase Changes between Liquid & Gas | Condensation (Gas->Liquid), Evaporation & Vaporization (Liquid->Gas) |
| Phase Changes between Solid & Gas | Sublimation (Solid->Gas), Deposition (Gas->Solid) |
| Intermolecular Forces (IMF) | The forces in between molecules; determines state of matter; interactions with IMF are responsible for phase change |
| Heating Curve | A graph that shows water heating over tome |
| Phase Diagram | A graph of temperature & pressure for the phases of a substance |
| Triple Point | Where all phases meet at a state of equilibrium |
| Chemical Property | Identity of a substance is changed |
| Physical Property | Identity of a substance stays the same |
| Chemical Change | Fundamental component changed in substance |
| Physicals Change | Fundamental component stays the same substance |
| Homogeneous Mixture | Solutions; uniform thruought |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | Different properties in one; visible difference |
| How to Separate Homogenous Mixtures | Distillation, Chromatography, Crystallization, Evaporation, Electrophoresis |
| How to Separate Heterogeneous Mixtures | Filtration, Decantation, Centrifugation, Magnetic separation, Separation funnel, Sedimentation |
| Evidence of a Chemical Reaction | Precipitation, Droplets, Bubbles/smoke. Color change, Heat/flame produced, Odor, Sound, Light, Decomposition |
| Metals | Good conductors of electricity & heat |
| Nonmetals | Poor conductors of electricity & heat |
| Metalloids | Semiconductors |
| Elements Present in the Body | Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen |
Created by:
whoisalanaprice
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