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kailah
pathphys Midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What term does the nurse use to describe the exudate that is characterized by the movement of watery fluid, containing few cells and little protein? | Serous |
| When assessing a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the nurse should expect to identify: | arthralgia, anemia, and rash |
| A patient presents with hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia due to chronic hyperparathyroidism. Which complication should the nurse monitor for in the patient? | Renal calculi |
| The nurse is caring for a patient in the emergency room who presents with wheezing, headache, and flushed skin. Initial laboratory analysis reveals arterial partial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO2) | Respiratory acidosis |
| A nurse educator is presentine on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) at a community event. Which of the following best describes major risk factors related to this disease? | familv history. obesitv, and sedentarv lifestvle |
| A patient with a spinal cord injury (T6 level) reports a headache. The patient's blood pressure is 296 systolic, and the patient is sweating. Which intervention is most appropriate? | Check the patient's bladder |
| A nurse is caring for a patient with gestational diabetes. Which of the following best describes this disorder? | Development of glucose intolerance in women during pregnancy |
| A patient presents with hyperthyroidism. Would of the following signs would the clinician expect to see? | Weight loss and enlarged thyroid gland |
| The nurse on a neurological unit is caring for several patients. Which patient is at highest risk for a cerebral vascular accident (stroke)? The patient with: | Hypertension and diabetes |
| A patient who is heterozygous for a gene has: | Alleles at a given locus that are different from one another. |
| An elderly patient is experiencing "somatopause." Which of the following hormones does the nurse identify as being specifically affected by this process? | Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor |
| Among the many innate defenses the body has to pathogens, the first line of defense is the: | skin and mucous membranes. |
| The nurse in the endocrine clinic is preparing a brochure for adults with hypothyroidism. The brochure should identify that the most common cause is: | Autoimmune thyroiditis. |
| Which of the following is the most common sensory defect? | Impaired hearing |
| While working in the oncology clinic, the nurse is asked to explain malignant tumors. She states that malignant tumors have a tendency to do which of the following? | Invade surrounding tissues |
| A nurse is caring for a patient whose cancer has spread from the site of the original tumor to distant tissues and organs in the body. What is the term for this? | Metastasis |
| A patient presents with untreated Cushing Disease. Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see in this patient? | Truncal obesity |
| The patient presents with elevated levels of ACTH due to Addison Disease. Which of the following would the nurse suspect? | Inadequate corticosteroid and mineralocorticoid synthesis |
| While reviewing a patient chart, the nurse notices a history of vertigo. Which of the following is the best description of this condition? | The sensation of spinning that occurs with inflammation of the semicircular canals in the ear |
| A patient with type 1 diabetes asks the nurse what causes polyuria. What is the nurse's best response? The symptom of polyuria in diabetes mellitus (DM) is caused by: | Increased glucose in the urine. |
| The patient is having a reaction to a bee sting. Which type of hypersensitivity reaction should the nurse expect to see documented in the patient's chart? | Type I |
| While working in the oncology unit, a nurse cares for a patient with cachexia. Which of the following is NOT associated with this condition? | Heart murmur |
| The nurse is educating about forms of accidental hyperthermia at a community outreach event for outdoor enthusiasts. The nurse discusses high core temperature, absence of sweating, rapid pulse rate, confusion, agitation, and | Heat stroke |
| A patient is experiencing a thyroid storm. Which assessment findings will the nurse observe? | Fever and tachycardia leading to high-output heart failure |
| What of the following is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that results in widespread demyelination of central nervous system neurons? | Multinle sclerosis |
| A nurse reviews a pathology report that includes the term carcinoma in situ (CIS). Which of the following can the nurse assume about the patient's condition? | The patient has a noninvasive epithelial tumor of glandular or squamous cell origin |
| Which cells are primarily responsible for phagocytic activity during inflammation? | Neutrophils and macrophages |
| A patient presents with a subcutaneous swelling of the anterior leg due to Graves disease. Which of the following would the nurse document on the patient's chart? | Pretibial myxedema |
| While working in the emergency room, the nurse cares for a patient with a subdural hematoma. In this injury, where does the bleeding occur? | Between the dura mater and the brain |
| A nurse is asked what usually causes encephalitis. What is the nurse's best answer? | A viral infection |
| A patient ruptured the middle meningeal artery, resulting in an epidural hematoma. The nurse knows this means the bleeding occurs between the dura mater and the: | Skull |
| A 50-year-old male is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and complains of experiencing numbing and tingling of his hands and feet. Which of the following complications does the nurse suspect? | Diabetic neuropathy |
| The nurse is describing the symptoms associated with diabetes insipidus (DI) to a group of nursing students. She should include: | High volume urine output |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with cystic fibrosis. This is a genetic disease transmitted through which type of inheritance? | autosomal recessive |
| A patient has a vertebral disorder that involves an osseus defect of the pars interarticularis that allows forward slippage of the vertebra, usually at L5-S1. Which diagnosis will the nurse observe documented in the chart? | Spondylolisthesis |
| What is the process by which mRNA is formed from DNA for protein synthesis? | Transcription |
| A patient has a recent spinal cord injury. Which term should the nurse use to describe the loss of reflex function below the level of injury/lesion? | Spinal shock |
| A set of parents has two offspring. One child has an autosomal recessive disease trait and one is normal. What likely conclusion can the nurse make about the parents? | Both parents could be carriers. |
| Which substance is released during a viral infection and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses? | Interferon |
| Which substance is released during a viral infection and signals neighboring cells to enhance viral defenses? | All of the above, Endocrine factors, Chemical factors, Neural control |
| The patient presents with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following will the nurse include as part of the treatment? | Fluid restriction |
| The nurse is describing acid-balance imbalances with a nursing student. In regards to metabolic acid-base disturbances, the nurse describes what two chemicals as altered? | hydrogen ion (H*) and bicarbonate ion (HCO3) |
| The nurse is caring for a patient with elevated levels of growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1 resulting from a pituitary adenoma. What disease will the nurse observe in his chart? | Acromegaly |
| While working in the sleep clinic, the nurse is providing education about obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for OSAS? | Female sex before menopause |
| A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis. What information should the nurse include: | This is an autoimmune disease mediated mediated by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at the neuromuscular junction. |
| The nurse is assessing the patient for meningitis. The nurse bends the patient's neck, and the patient experiences neck pain and rigidity. How would the nurse chart this? | Positive Brudzinki sign |
| A patient has a spinal cord tumor that is causing an irritative syndrome. What does this imply to the nurse? | The patient is experiencing compression symptoms plus radicular pain. |
Created by:
kailahpadgett