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2Everything
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of the starter motor | Changes electrical energy into mechanical energy to rotate the engine for startup |
| What two functions does the starter solenoid accomplish | First, it moves the mechanical drive to engage the pinion gear into the flywheel. Second, it closes a set of contacts to energize the starter motor once the pinion gear is meshed with the flywheel |
| What occurs when the coil of a crank relay energizes | The crank relay contacts close providing a path of current flow to the starter solenoid |
| Which battery-charging alternator components turn on the alternator when voltage drops below a preset level | Voltage regulator |
| What do you inspect on a starter and a starter solenoid | Inspect the starter solenoid terminals for corrosion, inspect the starter and starter solenoid for signs of damage and security of mounting bolts, and look for discoloration or other signs of overheating of the starter motor and starter solenoid |
| What are the first two things you do when replacing a starter motor and solenoid | Disconnect the negative cable from the battery terminal and tag and disconnect the electrical leads from the starter motor |
| Why must you ensure you keep correct polarity when reinstalling a starter motor | You may damage the battery and other electrical component |
| What can happen if a charging rate is too high | You can damage the battery |
| What must you do before working on a battery-charging alternator | Disconnect the negative battery cable before working on the battery-charging alternator |
| What type of mixture are the spongy lead negative plates and lead peroxide positive plates of a lead-acid cell immersed in | A diluted solution of 30 percent sulfuric acid and 70 percent distilled water |
| What types of batteries are sealed making it impossible to service the electrolyte | Maintenance free absorbent glass mat Gel cell |
| How much does the specific gravity of a lead acid battery electrolyte change with temperature | .004 for every 10 degrees in temperature change |
| If the level of a lead acid battery is low, what should you add to the electrolyte to return it to the proper level | Distilled water |
| What are the steps in the troubleshooting process | (1) Perform an operational check. (2) Analyze the malfunction. (3) Locate the malfunction. (4) Perform corrective action. (5) Perform an operational check |
| What are the electrical malfunction symptoms for an open | (1) Circuit is inoperative. (2) Protective device does not activate. (3) Indicator lamps do not illuminate. |
| What are the electrical malfunction symptoms of a direct short | (1) An inoperative circuit. (2) The protective device actuated |
| What are the electrical malfunction symptoms of a cross short | (1) Two or more independent circuits operate from one control device. (2) The protective device may or may not actuate |
| What are the electrical malfunction symptoms of a shorted control | (1) The circuit continues to operate with the control device in the OFF position. (2) The protective device does not actuate. |
| What are the electrical malfunction symptoms of a ground | (1) The circuit is inoperative. (2) An actuated protective device |
| What are the electrical malfunction symptoms of a low power condition | Sluggish electric motor, lights that are burning dim, or relays that are chattering. |
| What is the best way to diagnose a shorted cell in a battery | Use a battery load tester. |
| Typical electrical system engines use what voltage batteries to provide power to start and operate the engine | 12 or 24 |
| Which electrical system component performs two functions––one mechanical and one electrical | Starter Solenoid |
| Which component is the stationary conductor on the battery-charging alternator | Stator |
| How many diodes are used in the rectifier of a battery-charging alternator | Six diodes |
| What causes the crank relay coil to de-energize causing the starter solenoid to de-energize? a. Overrun clutch | Speed switch opening |
| Why do you make sure to reconnect the electrical leads to the appropriate lugs to match the polarity of the battery | To avoid damage to the battery and electrical components |
| If you adjust a battery-charging alternator too high, the | Battery will be damaged |
| If you adjust a battery charging alternator too low, the | battery will not charge |
| What is the specific gravity of a fully charged lead-acid cell at 80 degrees | 1.280 |
| In addition to elbow length rubber gloves and a rubber apron, what other safety equipment must you wear when working on batteries | Face shield |
| The specific gravity of battery electrolyte changes | .004 for every 10 degrees in temp change |
| Visually check the electrolyte level in each cell of a battery. If the level is low, fill the cell to the proper level using | Distilled |
| What is the first step you take when replacing a battery | Disconnect the negative |
| When replacing a battery, which step helps prevent corrosion | Seat and tight |
| What is the first step in the troubleshooting process | Op Check |
| Which electrical malfunction do positive and negative conductors making direct contact cause | Direct short |
| Which electrical malfunction is caused by the contacts of a switch or relay being welded closed | Shorted control |
| Which electrical malfunction has the same symptoms as a direct short | Ground |
| What is the primary reason for engines failing to start | Low battery voltage |
| One indication that a direct current (DC) charging system is not working correctly is the battery-charging | Ammeter discharged state |
| What are the two distinct poles every magnet has | (1) A north pole. (2) A south pole. |
| What are the magnetic lines of force | Invisible lines of magnetic force that exist between the poles |
| What materials make up one very good type of permanent magnet | An alloy of aluminum, nickel, and cobalt |
| What three things are required for the generation of AC | (1) A magnetic field. (2) Conductors. (3) Relative motion. |
| What happens when the magnetic field is at 90 degrees during the generator of voltage | The greatest number of magnetic lines of force cut the conductor causing the voltage to peak |
| What happens as the rotation of the north pole of the magnet reaches 225 degrees | The magnetic lines of force begin to cut the conductor again. This time the lines of force move in the opposite direction |
| What is an exciter | A device that provides the alternator electricity needed to produce the electricity you use to operate equipment |
| What is the armature | The rotating conductor of the exciter |
| What is the rotor assembly | A device that provides the magnetic field necessary to produce electricity |
| What is the purpose of the interpoles | They offer a slight magnetic force that aligns the main magnetic field so it remains most effective |
| What is the biggest difference between the self-exciting and permanent magnetic voltage regulator | The permanent magnetic voltage regulator uses a permanent magnet; the self-exciting voltage regulator uses a soft iron core |
| Why do most exciters use soft iron cores | Because they retain residual magnetism |
| What happens if the voltage level of an alternator begins to drop | The voltage regulator senses the lower than normal level and increases the current to the exciter field windings |
| What happens if you turn the voltage adjustment down | This lowers the reference voltage making the voltage regulator read the output voltage level as too high |
| What is the output of a single set of stator coils on an alternator | There will be a single output voltage induced by the magnetic field |
| Since the alternator works over 360 degrees and there are three different phases, how far do they sit | 120 degrees apart |
| Since there are three legs that all connect in the middle in a wye connected alternator, how many connection points are there | Four |
| What is an indication of a shorted diode | Low reading in both directions |
| What is used to attach the leads to the diodes | Soldering iron |
| What is used to test the main rotor leads | Multimeter set to ohms |
| What do you attach the overhead hoist to when lifting the alternator assembly | Lifting eye |
| Why do you often use one voltmeter connected to a selector switch | To avoid the expense of having a separate voltmeter for each phase of a three-phase alternator |
| Why should you never open the secondary winding of a current transformer while the switchgear is energized | Because of the very high buildup of voltage |
| What is the change in the relationship of current and voltage in a purely resistive load | Current and voltage are in phase, and the phase angle is 0 |
| What do switches provide for us | On-off control of the circuit that the switch is associated with |
| If your generator uses isolation dampeners, what do you inspect them for | Cracking and deterioration |
| What is the first step to replacing an exciter | Tagging and removing the wiring from the rectifier assembly |
| What will typically secure the adjustment knob | A setscrew |
| When does a magnetic-type circuit breaker respond to trip | Instantaneously when an excess of current flows through the breaker |
| What affects the strength of the magnetic force exerted on the armature | (1) The number of wire windings. (2) The size of the conductors. (3) The amount of current applied |
| What makes SSRs far more reliable than inductive relays | They have no moving parts |
| When selecting fuses, what must you consider as to which fuse to install | Total current flow and voltage of the circuit |
| What is the function of an arc chute that surrounds each set of arc (not main) contacts | To extinguish or quench any arcing that takes place when the breaker opens or closes |
| What does the closing assembly usually contain | A closing coil or motor and a control switch |
| What is the relay equipped with to align the coil and contact pins to the base | Keyway |
| Where does a magnet have the greatest amount of magnetism | At the end of each magnet |
| What is the small amount of magnetism that remains in an item after removing the magnetic field | Residual |
| Which alternator component offers a slight magnetic force that aligns the main magnetic field so it remains most effective | Inter poles |
| Which alternator component helps the generator maintain a stable voltage under varying load conditions | Damping windings |
| What type of cores do most exciters use that retain residual magnetism | Soft iron |
| What does a voltage regulator sense if it decreases the current to the exciter field windings causing the magnetic field to get weaker | An increase in the voltage level |
| Which type of alternator consists of a rotating magnetic field and a single set of stator coils | Delta |
| Which alternator configuration has three legs that all connect in the middle | Wye |
| What is the multiplier you use to determine the line voltage if you know the phase voltage | 1.73 |
| Which alternator configuration has no neutral that is common to all three phases | Delta has no neutral |
| In a rotating rectifier test, what does it indicate if a diode has a low reading in both directions directions | Shorted Diode |
| Which test instrument do you use when testing the main rotor leads | Multimeter set to Ohms |
| Which component is used with a voltmeter for a three-phase alternator to save money | Selector switch |
| Which meter indicates the true power load in an alternating current (AC) circuit | Watt meter |
| On the power factor meter, what will an inductive load cause | Current to lag |
| What devices provide variable amounts of resistance to provide a circuit with different levels of output | Rheostats |
| When you inspect the voltage regulator vibration dampeners, look for | Cracking or deterioration |
| Where should you look for any signs of rubbing on an exciter | Rotor and stator |
| What color will a transformer turn if it gets too hot | Yellow or brown |
| Which type of circuit breaker responds instantaneously when an excess of current flows through the breaker | Magnetic circuit breaker |
| Which relay component provides a constant restraining force keeping the armature in the normal (deenergized) position | spring |
| Which relay component is completely self-contained and has no moving parts | Solid state relay |
| The closing assembly of a circuit breaker usually consists of | Closing coil /motor and control switch |
| Which ohmmeter reading indicates that a fuse is good and no further testing is necessary | 0 Ohms |
| What are three things that cause static electricity to form | (1) It can result from friction between small particles. (2) It can form from electrostatic induction by a charged object. (3) It also comes from contact and separation of two substances, one or both of which are nonconductive |
| How much of a static charge can ignite gasoline fumes | 1,500 volts |
| Why is it necessary to use the ground rod-driving adapter | Without it you will damage the top of the ground rod making it difficult to place a ground connector on it and making it impossible to screw in another coupler to allow another ground rod to be installed |
| Where is a star ground configuration particularly useful | Mobile sites |
| What do grid electrodes consist of | Buried wires joined together to form a network of squares |
| How deep must plate electrodes be buried | 4 to 8 feet below grade |
| Why do you bond the generator’s neutral and ground | To provide a path for electricity to ground in the event of a fault |
| When are the ground and neutral bonded | (1) Prime power generation. (2) Standby with a switched neutral |
| What can a loose connection on a generator ground cause | This can cause corrosion, which can lead to higher resistance |
| How are adjustments made to commercial power monitoring | External points on the controller itself. On others, this is accomplished through a computer program, where a laptop is connected and the adjustments by reprogramming the controller |
| What type of contacts are used for the generator start control | Normally open or normally closed set of contacts |
| What control sends a signal to transfer the load to the generator | Transfer control |
| What control sends a signal to transfer the load to commercial power | Retransfer control |
| What allows the generator to cool down before shutdown | Engine shutdown timer |
| How do you perform a functional test of an ATS | Going to the power source for the transfer panel and opening it |
| When would you adjust the retransfer time delay | In locations where power is very unstable during certain parts of the day and you want the generator to run that entire time |
| When replacing components, what must you do before performing the maintenance | Ensure that all power is turned off to the panel |
| What are four considerations when determining the compatibility of an ATS | (1) Location. (2) Voltage rating. (3) Amperage rating. (4) Poles or phases |
| When installing an ATS, what must you do once you restore commercial power | A full test of the system |
| In what type of weather can a static charge can be most hazardous | Dry cold weather |
| At what voltage can static charges ignite gasoline fumes | 1,500 volts |
| What function does a static ground serve | Dissapate/reduce to ground |
| What function do equipment grounds serve | Connect Non current carrying metals to ground |
| When installing a star ground, what is the best approach to lower resistance and reactance at the same time | more and stay small |
| It is important to use straight conductors when installing grounds because a curved conductor | Causes inductance |
| Before making a ground connection to a water pipe, check for the | presence of elec current |
| The purpose of bonding the generators neutral and ground is to | Provide a path for elec to ground in event of a fault |
| You will bond the the generator’s neutral and ground if you are providing | Prime power, stand by with switched neutral |
| Which automatic transfer switch control sends a signal to transfer the load to generator power | Transfer control |
| When conducting a visual inspection of an automatic transfer switch, what should you do if you find a problem with a component | Replace it immediately |
| What automatic transfer switch adjustment could be set to zero if the generator has a builtin shutdown timer | Engine shutdown delay |
| When installing an automatic transfer panel, what do you have to ensure when doublechecking your work | Doing a full system test |
Created by:
Br006592