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module 2
dynamics
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| contact and forces mediated by fields | 2 types of forces |
| applied force | a push or a pull |
| normal force | the perpendicular contact force exerted by a surface on another object |
| frictional force | the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other |
| static and kinetic | 2 types of frictional force |
| air resistance | usually ignored but is air friction |
| tension | force transmitted through strings, ropes, cables or wires |
| spring force | when an object compresses or is stretched (stretch is directly proportional to applied force) |
| an object remains at rest or continues to move at the same speed in a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced force | newtons first law of motion |
| inertia | an object's resistance to a change in motion |
| equilibrium | when forces are balanced so a = 0 |
| static (still) and dynamic (moving) | 2 types of equilibrium |
| add vectors together | to find unknown forces |
| same direction as a | net external force is always in the |
| fnet = ma | newtons second law of motion |
| for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction | newtons third law of motion |
| Fab = -Fba | equation of newtons third law |
| object is moving backwards | a = v^2-u^2/2s is the equation of newtons third law if ... (eg baseball catcher hand) |
| coefficient of friction | μ |
| static friction | Fs = μsN |
| kinetic friction | friction that opposes motion once the motion has already started |
| static friction | friction that resists the initiation of sliding motion between two surfaces that are in contact and at rest |
| kinetic friction | Fk = μkN |
| gravitational potential energy (U) | the energy an object has due to its mass position in a gravitational field |
| joules | units for U |
| U = mgh | formula for U |
| kg | for U and Ek mass is always in |
| ms^-1 | for U and Ek velocity is always in |
| kinetic energy (Ek) | the energy of motion |
| Ek = 1/2mv^2 | formula for Ek |
| work | when energy changes from one form to another |
| W = Fs | (Work) if force is parallel to displacement the formula is |
| W = Fscosθ | (Work) if force isn't parallel to displacement the formula is |
| W = mgh | formula for changes in U |
| formula for changes in Ek | W = 1/2mv^2 - 1/2mu^2 |
| power | the rate of which work is done |
| E/t, W/t or Fv | the 3 formulas for power |
| P = Fvcosθ | (Power) if velocity isn't in the direction of the force the formula is |
| m and v | the 2 main factors that affect the time it takes for an object to stop |
| p = mv | equation for momentum |
| impulse | the change in momentum |
| p = Fnett | impulse formula |
| mvbefore = mvafter | law of conservation of momentum formula |
| m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 | formula for when colliding objects stay seperate post collision |
| law of conservation of momentum | provided no external force acts on the system, the total momentum of the system before any collision is equal to the total momentum of the system after the collision |
| m1u1 + m2u2 = v(m1 + m2) | formula for when colliding objects stick together post collision |
| exert impulse on each other | when objects collide they |
| impulse | the area under a F vs t graph |
| elastic collision | kinetic energy is conserved in a collision |
| inelastic collision | kinetic energy is not conserved in a collision |
| heat, light, sound etc | ways energy is released in a collision |
| elastic collion formula | 1/2m1u1 + 1/2m2u2 = 1/2m1v1 + 1/2m2v2 |
Created by:
hoeshi
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