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rhetoric terms
ap lang summer hw
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| alliteration | the repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence |
| allusion | brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) or to a work of art |
| ambiguity | the multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage |
| analogy | a comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things |
| anecdote | a brief story used to illustrate a point or claim |
| aphorism | a terse statement of known authorship that expresses a general truth and moral principle |
| argument | a process of reasoned inquiry; a persuasive discourse resulting in a coherent and considered movement from a claim to a conclusion. |
| audience | the listener, viewer, or reader of a text |
| claim | states the argument's main idea or position (also called assertion or proposition) |
| colloquialism | words or phrases that have a conversational feel and are not generally used in formal written English |
| connotation | meanings or associations that readers have with a word beyond its dictionary definition, or denotation |
| context | the circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text |
| denotation | the strict, literal dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude or color |
| diction | a speaker's choice of words |
| emphasis | places importance on a particular idea |
| ethos | greek for "character;" demonstrated that you are credible and trustworthy |
| euphemism | a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts |
| figurative language | nonliteral language, sometimes referred to as tropes or metaphorical language |
| hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect |
| imagery | a description of how something looks, feels, tastes, smells, or sounds |
| irony | a figure of speech: when a speaker/character says one thing but means something else |
| jargon | specialized terminology used by a particular group of people |
| juxtaposition | placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities or differences |
| logos | greek for "embodied thought;" appeal to reason through clear, rational ideas and using specific details, examples, facts, statistics, or expert testimony |
| metaphor | a figure of speech that compares two things without using "like" or "as" |
| mood | the feeling of atmosphere created by a text |
| narration | the factual and background information, establishing why a subject or problem needs addressing |
| oxymoron | a paradox made up of two seemingly contradictory words |
| paradox | a statement or situation that is seemingly contradictory on the surface, but delivers an ironic truth |
| parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clause |
| pathos | greek for "suffering" or "experience;" appeals emotionally to motivate their audience |
| persona | greek for "mask;" the face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience |
| personification | attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea |
| purpose | the goal the speaker wants to achieve |
| rhetoric | the art of finding ways of persuading an audience |
| rhetoric appeals | techniques used to persuade an audience by emphasizing what they find most important or compelling |
| rhetorical question | a question posed for rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer |
| satire | the use of irony or sarcasm to critique society or an individual |
| simile | a figure of speech used to explain or clarify an idea by comparing it explicitly to something else, using the words like, as, or as though |
| style | a writer's specific way of saying things |
| syntax | the arrangement of words into phrases, clauses, and sentences |
| theme | a writer's thoughts on a topic |
| tone | a speaker's attitude toward the subject conveyed by the speakers stylistic and rhetorical choices |
| understatement | a figure of speech in which something is presented as less important, dire, urgent, good, and so on, than it actually is, often for satiric or comical effect |
| vernacular | the speech patterns of a particular group of a particular group of people of region |
| voice | the unique flavor of a piece based upon the author |