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Radiology Tech Wkbk
Radiology Tech Wkbk questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| When part increases by 4-5cm, the time needs to | double |
| Automatically controls the time or mAs in proportion to the part or patient thickness | AEC (automatic exposure control) |
| Quantity of radiation emerging from xray tube can be measured in | milliroentgens per mAs or mR/mAS |
| If 10 mAs is required to produce good film density, how much mR is exposed | 60 |
| Image comprised of continuous shades of gray from black to white, e.g. film | Analog |
| Image on film or on CRT monitor that shows continuous shades of gray | Analog |
| Image that is recorded as individual squares each assigned a numerical value | Digital |
| Digital to Analog converter is required before a person can view a | Digital image |
| Receptors ability to record small exposure or signal differences contribute to | Contrast resolution |
| PA hand demonstrates an _____ Thumb | oblique |
| Oblique hand demonstrates an _____ Thumb | Lateral |
| Lateral hand demonstrates ____ Thumb | PA |
| Portion of lungs seen above clavicles on PA chest | apices |
| Trachea bifurcates at the level of T4/T5 and bifurcation | Carina |
| Slit in lung that allow bronchi to enter | Hilum |
| Inhaled foreign bodies tend to lodge | Left primary bronchus |
| True ribs that attach to the sternum are pairs | 1-7 |
| PA chest, when lungs appear dark but the heart appears white, the operator selected | Too little kVp |
| Separation of more than ____ indicates objectionable rotation from a true lateral | 2cm |
| what chest oblique positions will best demonstrate the right lung | RAO and LPO |
| For anterior obliques of the chest, the side of interest is generally farthest from the film | True |
| Jugular manubrial notch corresponds to the level of | T1 |
| Structures connect the anterior aspect of the ribs to the sternum | Costocartilage |
| Projections for injury to the right anterior upper ribs | PA or LAO |
| Largest carpal bone | capitate |
| Carpal bone that articulates with the thumb | Trapezium (greater multangular) |
| Carpal bone that projects anteriorly | pisiform |
| Carpal bone that articulates with the radius of the forearm | Pisiform |
| Commonly referred to as knuckles | PIP joints |
| How many carpal bones in the wrist | 8 |
| Most commonly fractured carpal bone | Scaphoid |
| Bony structure on distal aspect of ulna | olecranon process |
| Structure considered most proximal on ulna | Coronoid process |
| Two bony landmarks are palpated for positioning of the elbow | Trochlea and capitulum |
| CR placement for PA projection of hand | Third metacarpophalangeal joint |
| How much obliquity is required for PA oblique hand | 45 degrees |
| How much rotation for AP medial oblique of elbow | 45 degrees |
| What would lead to proximal radius crossing over ulna | Supinate |
| Best demonstrates radial head and tuberosity free of superimposition | LAT |
| Best demonstrates olecranon process | Medial rotation oblique |
| How should humeral epicondyle be positioned for lateral projection of elbow | parallel |
| AP projection of elbow shows complete separation of radium and ulna. What error occurred? | Excessive medial rotation |
| Which rotation of the humerus will result in a lateral position of proximal humerus | Internal rotation (epicondyles perpendicular to film) |
| How many tarsal bones in foot | 7 |
| Which metatarsal is frequently fractured | 5th |
| Medial malleolus is part of the | Talus |
| CR angulation for toes, to demonstrate IP Joints? | 10-15 degrees toward calcanos |
| Best demonstrates the lateral (3rd) cuniform | AP oblique with medial rotation |
| Best demonstrates the spinous process and apophyseal joints of C2-C7 | LAT |
| Best demonstrates left intervertebral foramina of the c spine | RPO |
| What C spine positions should be done with a 15-20 degree cephalic angles in order to open intervertebral spaces | AP |
| What cspine positions may be requested with modification of flexion and extension | LAT |
| Which best demonstrates the entire odontoid process and the vertebral space between C1-C2 | open mouth |
| To demonstrate right sacroiliac joint, the patient should be obliqued 25-30 degrees with ______ side elevated | Right |
| Anode heel effect could be used to best advantage on | AP T spine |
| Iliac crest is at the level of | L4 |
| Best demonstrates superior and inferior articulating process of the L spine | RPO |
| Which portions of the lumbar vertebra is represented by the EYE of the scotty dog | pedicle |
| Which portions of the L vertebra is represented by the NOSE of the scotty dog | Transverse |
| Joint created by the articulation of the superior and inferior articular processes of typical vertebrae | Apophyseal |
| Thermionic emission is process of providing electrons by heating the filament of the xray. T or F | True |
| The number of electrons changes when the operator changes | mA |
| Target of a diagnostic xray tube is usually made of what | Tungsten |
| Xray beam has many xrays with many different energies and can be described as | heterogenous and polyenergetic |
| Xrays also occur when an outer orbital electron fills an inner orbital vacany, this is known as | characteristic radiation |
| Unit to describe quantity of charged particles | Coulomb |
| Unit of exposure | Gy-a |
| Unit of exposure in tissue | Gy-t |
| Unit that accounts for the type of radiation and potential biological damage it can do | Sievert |
| Unit in which occupational exposure is reported | Sievert |
| Unit that measures effective dose | Sievert |
| Unit that measures exposure in air | Gy-a |
| Unit that measures exposure in tissue | Gy-t |
| Atomic level interaction responsible for biologic effect | Ionization |
| Erythemia, epilation, and cataracts are considered | Somatic effects |
| Acute dose of radiation that will result in death of 50% of a group with in 20 days ( LD 50/30) | 3.0 Sv (300 rad) |
| Acute dose of radiation that will result in death within hours or days from damage to the CNS | 50 Sv (5000 rad) |
| One specific long-term effect of an acute exposure of ____ rads is permanent sterility | 500 rad (5Sv) |
| Risk of all forms of cancer is about ___ cases per million per rad (0.01 Sv, 10 mSv) | 10 |
| Typical exposure from a PA radiography of the chest | 10 - 20 mR (0.1-0.2 mGy) |
| What theory states water molecules whose chemical bonds have been broken recombine as molecules that are "poisonous" to the cell | Indirect |
| A ring of the DNA molecule is struck and a part of the complex code of life is irreparably damaged | Direct effect |
| What whole body dose is required to cause death by damage to the nervous system | 50 Sv |
| Which category of effects is not seen until a certain level of dose has been reached | Threshold |
| Greatest contributor to naturally occurring radiation | radon |
| OSL can report as little as ____ mSv | 0.1 |
| What agency only reports finding and recommends radiation limits | National Council on Radiation and Measurements |
| A response that can occur at any level of absorbed dose | non threshold |
| A response that steadily increases with increasing absorbed dose | linear |
| Level of exposure considered acceptable | dose limit |
| All responses to radiation are | linear, nonthreshold |
| Current occupational dose limit | 1 mSv per week |
| Annual occupation dose limit | 10 mSv x age in years |
| Effective dose limit for public is ___ x the occupational limit | 0.1 |
| mAs formula that compensates for changes of distance mAs1/mAs2= | (SID1)2/(SID2)2 |
| Large number of exposures a DR detector can capture and display | dynamic range |
| Increasing mAs is required when the part gets thicker in order to maintain | receptor exposure |
| Demonstrates edges of details and is said to be better for extremities | high contrast |
| Which element is associated with indirect capture DR | cesium iodide |
| OSL radiation can record as low as ___ mSv | 0.01 |
| Place that divides the body into equal right and left portions | midsag |
| Position of an element on the periodic table is determined by | # of protons |
| Atoms having the same # of protons but different #s of neutrons are called | Isotopes |
| A device in the xray circuit used to increase supplied voltage to kilovoltage, is | step-up transformer |
| The nature of x radiation emission from an xray tube is considered to be | heterogenous |
| Which stage during which infection is MOST communicable | disease phase |
| Indirectly proportional to receptor exposure | SID |
| The pattern of absorption and penetration present in the exit beam is always | Analog |
| Line focused principles is expressed as a relationship between | Actual and effective focal spot |
| An indicator of efficiency or dose level required by a detector | DQE |
| To change from a long scale contrast to a short scale contrast, you can | increase mAs, decrease kVp |
| Target metal used in xray tubes should have the following properties | high atomic number and high melting point |
| The plane that passes through vertically, dividing it into anterior and posterior halves | Midcoronal |
| The right primary broncus divides into ____ lobar bronchi | 3 |
Created by:
jbutrick