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sociology
week 8 midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The concept of natural selection, which proposed that genes of a species are not distributed evenly among the offspring, thus enabling certain members of the species to survive while others die out, was developed by ________. | Charles Darwin |
| How a society treats its deviants is one measure of how humane it is. What would an examination of prisons and mental hospitals in the United States suggest regarding this standard? | They are both used as warehouse for the unwanted. |
| years ago gay community applied for permit to march in St. Patys Parade in Boston. denied, gays filed suit, won. instead of allowing gays to march in parade, trustees cancelled event. Sociologists conflict in values, trustees, gay community would lead to | social change that brings attention to gay rights and eventual acceptance |
| Sociology is the study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups. | True |
| The technique created by Sigmund Freud for the treatment of emotional problems through long-term, intensive exploration of the subconscious mind is referred to as ________. | Psychoanalysis |
| ________ believed people rise to their proper levels in society based on merit. | Emile Durkheim |
| The term "________" refers to the extent to which different studies come up with similar results. | Reliability |
| The refusal of Christians to accept Islam as a valid religion is a form of ________, while the sincere effort to understand the practice of having multiple wives in some societies is a form of ________. | Ethnocentrism; Cultural Relativism |
| Which sociologist is given credit for coining the concept of the "McDonaldization of Society"? | George Ritzer |
| Leo, Ryan, and Matthew regularly interact with one another and share similar values, norms, and expectations. In view of this, which concept most applies to their relationship? | They are a group |
| uni's admin increased class size without receiving input from the faculty or considering that some courses need to have low enrollments. In view of this, what is the most probable reaction the professors will take to this latest administrative decision? | The faculty will call a wildcat strike to protest the insensitivity of the administration. |
| Individuals who are approximately the same age and are linked by common interests, including friends, classmates, and the "kids in the neighborhood," are most appropriately referred to as ________. | peers |
| Violations of norms and rules that are written into law are officially called ________. | Crimes |
| The philosopher and sociologist whose work focused on the ways in which the mind and the self were developed as a result of social processes was ________. | George Herbert Mead |
| The two linguists who believed that reality is culturally determined and any interpretation of reality is based on society's language were ________. | Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf |
| Officer Friel discovered Mark smoking pot outside school, he took him home, turned him over to his parents for counseling, treatment as they felt appropriate. He warned Mark next time would result in a ride to juvi. What describes Officer Friel's actions? | Officer Friel is employing police dicretion |
| Differential association theory was developed by sociologist ________. | Edwin Sutherland |
| The organized, usual, or standard ways by which society meets its basic social needs are referred to as ________. | Social Institution |
| What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories, one that is often employed by sociologists? | The scientific method |
| When a researcher focuses on a single event, situation, or individual, the resulting research is known as ________. | a case study |
| Which of the following traits is least likely to be linked to "nature" (heredity) and most likely linked to "nurture" (the social environment)? | vocational choice |
| ________ was a psychologist who specialized in child development who focused specifically on the role of social interactions in their development. | piaget |
| ________ examines the ascribing of a deviant behavior to another person by members of society. | Labeling Theory |
| Which of the following groups is LEAST qualified as a social institution? | a neighborhood street gang |
| Another noted structural functionalist, ________, pointed out that social processes often have many functions, such as manifest functions, latent functions, and dysfunctions. | Robert Merton |
| Facial expressions, posture, and gestures are all examples of ________. | nonverbal signals |
| Social institutions like government, education, and religion reflect this competition in their inherent inequalities and help maintain the unequal ________. | social structure |
| Professor Jones' social problems course, the students interact freely with one another, think of themselves as "Dr. J's class," and feel they are significant because of their mutual interest in social reform. Which concept best describes Dr. Jones' class? | group |
| What did Solomon Asch's experiment on group conformity demonstrate? | Because of group pressure, most people are willing to say things they know are not true. |
| Cindy is interested in how the movement of Maytag production plants and other industries from the Midwest to Mexico has changed the lives of thousands of unemployed workers and their communities. Cindy is conducting a ________ analysis. | macro-level |
| In research, to generalize one's findings to a total population, what is the most important quality that the sample must possess? | It must be representative of the total population |
| Which statement regarding status is most accurate? | Status provides the guidelines for how we are to act and feel. |
| What is one qualitative research method most likely used by symbolic interactionalists? | Participant observation |
| _________ asserts that crime is most likely to occur in communities with weak social ties and the absence of social control. | Social Disorganization Theory |
| According to Robert Merton, ________ are the consequences of a social process that are sought or anticipated. | latent functions |
Created by:
colby.caswell