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Intermolecular Forces Review

TermDefinition
Intermolecular Forces forces between separate molecules, WEAKLY hold together two or more substances
Intramolecular Forces ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds, they are STRONG and hold compounds and molecules together
intra inside
inter in-between
Phase Changes when a substance changes from solid to liquid to gas, the molecules remain intact
What causes changes in state of matter? changes in the intermolecular forces among molecules rather than in those within the molecules
What are the 3 types of intermolecular forces? hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, London dispersion (van der Waals)
What does every polar molecule have? a dipole
Hydrogen Bond 1. bound to a highly electronegative atom N,O, and F 2. special dipole-dipole interaction which is the strongest IMF
Dipole-Dipole 1. interactions between two polar molecules 2. polar molecules line up so that the positive and negative ends are close to each other
London Disperson (van der Waals Forces) 1. occurs in ALL molecules 2. higher molar mass, more electrons, more polarizable, stronger LDF 3. attractive forces created by the motion of electrons making temporary dipoles induced in atoms or molecules
What does a stronger IMF mean? 1. higher melting and boiling point 2. higher viscosity 3. higher surface tension 4. less volatile( evaporates less easily)
What causes dispersion forces? motion of electrons
What causes dipole interactions? attraction between polar molecules
What causes hydrogen bonding? bonding of a covalently bonded hydrogen atom with an unshared electron pair
Surface Tension the amount of energy required to stretch or increase the surface of a liquid by a unit area
Viscosity a measure of a fluid's resistance to flow
Which type of intermolecular force is exhibited in H2O? Hydrogen Bonding
Which type of intermolecular force is exhibited in CH4? London Dispersion Forces/Van der Waals
Which type of intermolecular force is exhibited in HCl? Dipole Dipole
Which type of intramolecular and intermolecular forces are exhibited in CO2? Covalent and London Dispersion Forces/Van der Waals
Which type of intramolecular force is exhibited in NaCl? Ionic
Created by: kspell564
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